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RUSVM Large Animal Medicine I > LAM I Final Materia Part 2 (because BS Sucks) > Flashcards

LAM I Final Materia Part 2 (because BS Sucks) Flashcards

Not made by Chris (WHO MADE THIS)

1
Q

Hyperlipidemia is associated w/ _______

A

Insulin resistance

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2
Q

What is the medical tx for animal with hyperlipidemia?

A

FOOD! Feed them!

Can also do a glucose drip

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3
Q

Cresty neck syndrome is associated w/ horses ages _________aged

A

Older

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4
Q

Animals with cresty neck usually have recurrent________

A

Low grade laminitis

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5
Q

diseases that can present as crest neck=

A

HYPOthyroidism
PPID
EMS

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6
Q

T/F: overweight horses are HYPOthyroid

A

False, there are very few “true” HYPOthyrpid cases/

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7
Q

What test is used to determine if a horse is HYPOthyroid?

A

TSH

T3/4 are not considered reliable in a horse

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8
Q

PPID horses classical present as:

A

HAPPY HARRY HUNGRY HORSES 😀💇🏻🍔🐴

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9
Q

PPID is usually seen in what age group?

A

Older horses (19-20yrs old)

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10
Q

Pu/Pd, type 2 DM, excessive sweating, mm. wasting, cresty neck, hairy discribes what disease?

A

PPID

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11
Q

How is PPID dx? What is the tx?

A

Dex suppression test

Pergolide

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12
Q

T/F: EMS is similar to PPID in that we see laminitis and hair loss

A

False; it is similar to PPID but does not have hairloss

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13
Q

What is the normal GFR of a horse?

A

1000L/day

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14
Q

What is normal urine output of a horse?

A

15-30ml/kg/day

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15
Q

T/F: plasma is typically 3-4x more concentrated then urine

A

False: urine is typically 3-4x more concentrated then plasma

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16
Q

T/F: most nephroliths are incidental findings

A

True

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17
Q

What is the most commonly caused urinary problem characterized by hematuria after exercise

A

Cystic & urethra calculi

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18
Q

What is the cause of calculi?

A

High ca+ diets like ALFALFA

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19
Q

How can you tx calculi?

A

Feed acidifying diet
Avoid alfalfa
Feed salt

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20
Q 
What does normal CSF tap look like?
Color-
TP-
WBC-
RCB-
A

Color- clear

TP-

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21
Q

What is the Albumin quotient?

A

Go look it up it will be on the exam!

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22
Q

What disease should alway be your #1 ddx in neuro cases?

A

RABIES! Until prove otherwise

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23
Q

How does a CSF sample look w/ rabies?

A

Like a bacterial infection
TP- incre
WBC- incre.
Nø- incre

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24
Q

What diseases are reportable?

A

Rabies- duh
West Nile
EEE

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25
Q

What does pleiocytosis mean?

A

Increased blood count int the CSF

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26
Q

Which equine encephalitis is the most severe? Which is the least severe?

A

VEE

WEE

27
Q

Which EE has rodent as a reservoir?

A

VEE

28
Q

If you see a horse with weakness ataxia and mm fasciculations what dz should you think of

A

West Nile; rabies is associated w/ symmetric ataxia as a result of loss of proprioception. WN is because the horse isnt strong enough to stand so may “dog-sit”

29
Q

Whats cells predominate in the CSF w/ West Nile?

A

Nø

30
Q

What are the 2 types of head trauma?

A

Frontal and basilar fractures

31
Q

How do basilar fx usually occur?

A

Horse flips over backwards and whacks its noggin right on the poll

32
Q

What specific bone is most often damaged w/ basilar fx’s?

A

Basisphenoid= whiplash

33
Q

What condition is seen with bleeding from the ear? What other structure might also be effected?

A

Basilar fx

Facial n.- paralysis

34
Q

What is the tx for basilar fx’s?

A

1#= Methylpred
NSAIDS
DMSO
Mannitol- if there is not hemorrage

35
Q

What nerves are effected w/ vestibular dz?

A

5, 6, 8

36
Q

T/F: horses get really itchy ears w/ otitis

A

False no pruritis

37
Q

Peripheral nystagmus= (∆/ no ∆) in head position. Usually (horizontal/vertical/rotational)

A

No ∆

Horizontal (can be rotational)

38
Q

Central nystagmus= (∆/ no ∆) in head position. Usually (horizontal/vertical/rotational)

A

Change in head position

All directions

39
Q

What is paradoxical vestibular dz?

A

When the rotation are opposite the lesion

40
Q

Fast twitch (healthy twitch) is _____of the lesion

A

AWAY

tWitch=aWay

41
Q

Acute vestibular dz is caused by:

A

Tempotohyoid osteoarthropathy= associated w/ head shaking

42
Q

What are the risk facots of TO?

A

Yawning

Eating hard feed

43
Q

Wobbler’s is usually seen in what type of horses?

A

Young large breeds= rapid growth

  • drafts
  • thouroughbreds
44
Q

In regards to wobblers you my see _____ ______ of the neck

A

Focal atrophy

45
Q

What limbs are worse with wobblers? Forelimbs or Hindlimbs

A

Hindlimbs

46
Q

Saggital rotation will be decreased throughout the entire cervical canal. If C3/4 is

A

C3/4=

47
Q

Young horses w/ wobblers are ________ at C_____

Older horses w/ wobblers are _________at C_____

A

Dynamic; C3/4

Static; C6/7

48
Q

What is the tx for wobblers?

A

PACE diet

Ventral stabilization

49
Q

What age group is effected by EPM?

A

Young horses (2-4yrs)

50
Q

What are the 3 A’s of EPM

A

Asymmetric
Ataxia
Atrophy

51
Q

Whdat is the cause of EPM

A

Sarcocystis neurona- from the opposum

52
Q

What is the ONLY approved tx for EPM

A

Ponazuril

53
Q

What should you never give to an EPM horse?

A

STEROIDS

54
Q

What are 3 complications of tx for EPM horses?

A

Antifolate toxicity
Relapse
Not being aggressive enough w/ NSAIDS

55
Q

Equine Herpes is characterised by_______

A

A high fever (>105) and necrotizing vasculitis

Will also seen nasal discharge, cough and neuro signs

56
Q

What are the pathognomonic C/S for equine herpes

A

Tail HYPOtonia

Urinary incontinence

57
Q

How to you isolate the herpes virus in a horse?

A

Nasal swab

58
Q

What is the tx for herpes?

A

Antivirals and steroids

59
Q

What age group is most effected by EDM?

A

Young

60
Q

What causes EDM?

A

Spending long times in dirt lot/pasture
Insecticides
Pressure treated wood

61
Q

Do we see symmetric or asymmetric ataxia w/ EDM?

A 
Symmetric- spastic all 4 legs
Worse in hindlimbs
UMN
Dog-sitting
HYPOreflexia of cutaneous trunci
62
Q

What part of the spinal chord does EDM effect?

A

White matter

63
Q

What is the tx for EDM?

A
  • There aint one…but some will give Vit E (might have something to do w/ vit E levels???)
  • it is also imprortant that horse is on fresh pasture/feed
64
Q

What breed is at most risk for Hyperlipidemia?

A

Fat little ponies

RUSVM Large Animal Medicine I (5 decks)

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