Ladders 6 Flashcards
Chasis has 6 points while boom is in operation…
2-hydraullically operated jacks in front
2-hydraullically operate jacks in rear
2-out rigger type jacks in the middle
MECHANICAL LOCKS provided at each jack/outrigger- PINS must be inserted manually
jacks and outriggers are controlled by individual lever or “all” jacks lever
ALL JACKS is preferred method when on LEVEL GROUND
-jacks and outriggers lowered until every green light on panel is illuminated
ALL JACKS and OUTRIGGERS must be lowered until each reaches end of its stroke before raising boom….
EXCEPTION: if apparatus is not level…lower jacks AND OUTRIGGER ON THE LOW SIDE FIRST….then on high side until GREEN LIGHT indicates that all stabilizers are properly deployed.
- ALL members exiting apparatus should alert chauffeur of street conditions that may impact jack/outrigger ops
- stabilizers should not be lowered into deep sand or mud
Guide FF is to remain in position until outrigger is FULLY lowered on the operator’s…
BLIND SIDE
- addtional clearance by tilting outrigger pad
- use ‘knuckle’ for guide
Judge that outriggers will clear obstructions..use?
6 foot hook
-NOT 95 ft tower ladder/6’8 of clearance
Tower ladder has indentations in turntable to accept outriggers…this necessitates that?
a. outriggers must be move clear of turntable BEFORE operating boom
B. boom must returned to its original position (turntable arrow markings aligned) BEFORE outriggers are bedded
Any member operating a TL, CHAUFFEUR …
PERSONALLY VERIFY the placement of all outriggers and jacks prior to raising boom from bedded position
If a member commences to set up a TL apparatus for an operation and decides to ABORT…he must?
a. place all outriggers and jacks for OPERATION
OR
b. RETURN all outriggers and jacks to pre setup position
WHENEVER TL is in operation…?
PEDESTAL POSITION must be staffed(full PPE)
Controls on turntable…
3 controls:
raising/lowering
extending/retracting
rotate boom
SMOOTHER POSITIONING - PEDESTAL operations
Pedestal controls move simultaneously with jOYSTICK bucket controls…
movement of pedestal controls without corresponding movement of the bucket could indicate a malfunction or physical restriction in bucket movement
If control valves (raise/lower-extend/retract/rotate) fails…
isolation valves for particular function can be closed leaving OTHER SYSTEMS OPERABLE
INTERCOM?
- communication switch (basket and pedestal)
- open circuit, controlled from pedestal
- MOST EFFECTIVE MEANS OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN BASKET AND PEDESTAL
Water system..?-
- 360 degrees
- 3x3 gated siamese on left side
- 4 1/2” inlet on right side(ungated)
Terms?
extend boom-reach out with boom retract boom-return outstretched boom raise boom-increase elevation angle lower boom-decrease angle boom left-rotate to pedestal mans' left boom right-rotate to pedestal mans right
some models, basket control man faces opposite direction of pedestal man
reference point is PEDESTAL and not basket
Pedestal man should perform delicate operations?
IF VISIBILITY PERMITS
PEDESTAL FF remain at pedestal in FULL PPE, until relieved by another trained member
Communications between OFFICER in command and members in basket..
relayed through intercom…by PEDESTAL MAN
Test intercom?
Daily/ initial stages of operation
Detailed members CANNOT operate on PEDESTAL…unless?
PRESENTLY ASSIGNED TO TOWER LADDER UNIT or QUALIFIED CHAUFFEUR-TILLERMAN (SCHOOL TRAINED)
-members must wear installed safety belt, life belt or personal harness secured to a SUBSTANTIAL PART OF BASKET…..if this is too confining..form loop 1 foot in diameter, in LSR around substantial part of basket, using bowline to secure loop
Scrub Area?
Area building WALL that can be TOUCHED BY THE BASKET
Generally apparatus should be ?
PARALLEL to building
-scrub area may be reduced by cab..in this case …ANGLE FRONT END of apparatus away from building….CAB portion will be farther away then rear portion
- positioning at a corner building affords coverage on 2 fronts
- may place TL on sidewalk either fully or partially to reach upper levels or to gain better vantage points , in this situation, verify condition of sidewalk
Alley?
placing turntable in line with alley affords frontal coverage and also coverage into the alley for exposure protection, extinguishment, rescue, ventilation, search and entry
Courtyard or rear lot of ‘H’ TYPE
- prevent fire spread across throat
- extinguish fire on either or both sides of throat
- possible to operate from an adjacent street over the top of lower buildings into the throat, rear or side of fire building
If member leaves basket for SERACH OR ROOF OPS., pedestal man should NOT MOVE BOOM..unless?
–members are ADVISED of his intentions and they in turn GIVE APPROVAL, or a VISIBLE LIFE HAZARD should occur
Properly positioned TL?
wall coverage from grade level or below, up to max. basket floor elevation of 70 feet, at max 75 degree angle
Basket while touching a point 32 ft horizontally from center of turntable, can reach a basket floor elevation of ?
65 feet
TL scrub area covers front of a building?
60 feet high/50 feet wide and will cover 100 foot frontage on the lower 3 floors
TL scrub area is approx. 7750 sq feet when?
center of the turntable is 32 feet from the building wall and cab is 15 degree angle from building line
Basket can reach points?
10 feet below grade
when operating over crew cab, generally boom has enough clearance to reach most 3rd floor windows and above
Center line of turntable is 25 ft from a building…
there will be sufficient room for basket to be dropped BELOW HORIZONTAL with boom perpendicular to the side of the apparatus
Ideal horizontal distance from objective is ?
32 feet
While 75 feet is the nominal working height…
actual working height (bottom of basket at its highest elevation) is LITTLE MORE THAN 70 FEET when boom is at max angle of 75 degrees
Extend or Raise boom through?
light branches
-RETRACTION OR LOWERING OF BOOM through branches may present a problem..cutting may be necessary
Positioning on Hills?
- parallel to direction of slope, boom ops will be UPHILL DIRECTION, if possible apparatus faces DOWNHILL….if facing downhill, turntable past objective…uphill..turntable before objective
- chock all 4 wheels
Grades up to ____slope may be treated as LEVEL GROUND?
4%
-slope- do not rotate at high speeds…always ‘feather’ controls when starting/stopping
- MAX SLOPE- 15% BELOW GRADE- approx 5- 1/2 feet from front to rear
- ops conducted in ‘uphill’ quadrant
Winter Ops?
- sufficient lubriplate on moving parts of boom and waterway, jacks, housing, prevent ice
- FREQUENT boom RE-POSITIONING PREVENTS ICE BUILD UP-Oor extension/retraction
- deep snow, sand, mud- jacks/outriggers lowered, raising apparatus for placement of planks or boards..place to obtain maximum riding distance…repeat process
- boom raised 60 degrees to drain waterway and gated inlets opened to drain system….when bedded- remove DRAIN PLUGS
Arriving first and rescue ops require above 75 feet…
allow aerial ladder (100 ft)
-unless seriously delayed
Portable used from TL?
- Life saving only/extreme conditions
- 20 ft combo ladder-hooks at top and non skid feet
- life belt/personal harness for each member
- 15 foot of 1/2” rope fitted with hose strap hook at one end-basket ladder securing rope
- 6th rung from butt
portable from TL?
-basket lowered to STREET LEVEL
-3 members in basket- 1 control and 2 for ladder ops
-place securing rope on substantial object-prefferably STANG PIPE RISER , using hook end of rope..other end of rope set on horizontal section of waterway or upper section of rear basket main post using half hitch
-Basket raised to point of operation by CONTROL MAN IN BASKET
-after reaching point of operation- control transferred to PEDESTAL MAN
-both beams of ladder touch building evenly
-cantilevered ladder is Forbidden
-half hitch converted to clove hitch on binder
Can use A 25 FT/35 FT EXTENSION LADDER—no OTHER ALTERNATIVES
tips of BOTH BEAM MUST REST ON BUILDING
no times should beams TOUCH BASKET RAILING
ropes NOT SECURED TO TL GATES or railing
NO MORE THAN 3 MEMBERS IN BASKET -at times could perform with 2
*if portable ladder can be raised in line with BoOm of TL and Objective lateral basket movement can be reduced
TL called to operate as SPECIAL UNIT…
SHOULD GENERALLY OPERATE AS A UNIT,
TL officer?
directs placement of apparatus..but responsibility should not be neglected…especially at tenements and other NFP MD’s
-doesn’t need to PERSONALLY SUPERVISE
TL , when used for Ventilation purposes?
-AXE, HALLIGAN, POWER SAW, 6’ HOOK AND LSR , placed in bucket
Instability of Roof suspected?
- keep basket close to roof level..secure members with LSR
- use portable lader-distribute weight
- place basket on the roof
- taxpayer or similar structure- 10 ft hooks or portables from TL to push down ceilings
Power Saw from Basket?
- as close to RIDGE POLE AS POSSIBLE
- SAW STARTED IN BASKET/held outside basket..kept outside until shut down
- operator wear safety belt/ or LSR, with bowline..loop large enough to reach edge of basket
- one foot on roof/one foot in basket…back up man firm hold on harness or belt
- 1st cut -PARALLEL TO RIDGE POLE
- area beneath kept clear
- utility cord attached to handle of saw..lashed to basket or held by back up man
- size of cut, depends on reach
Breaching Walls?
- with power tools
- power saw with proper blade for brick/concrete
- triangular-vertex upward
- 1st and 2nd cut-brickwork
- 3rd cut-MORTAR-EASIEST-may be able to use hand tools
- large enough cut so SAW CAN BE INSERTED TO CUT INNER WALL-usually second course brick can be removed with hand tools
Basket position for removal?
- middle railing-LEVEL WITH WINDOW LEDGE OR LEVEL WITH TOP RAILING OF FIRE ESCAPE
- obese person- TOP BASKET RAIL LEVEL WITH WINDOW SILL OR TOP RAIL OF FIRE ESCAPE
- angle so STANG will not interfere
basket in line with window or target
parapetless roof- basket on roof
many trips required-safe removal does not mean street level
STOKES REMOVAL?
speed less importanT -SMOOTH OPERATION
- upright or diagonal position and leaning or lashed to a solid part of basket railing
- may be lashed to top railing- time consuming/limits first aid/victim insecure
- PEDESTAL man should perform lowering operation, if conditions permit
DO NOT EXTEND BASKET OVER HIGHWAY OR ELEVATED TRAIN STRUCTURE
do not DO NOT DO NOT
ONLY —- can order use of TL streams?
OFFICER IN COMAND
Examples of outside streams operated into occupied buildings?
- fire extending to cockloft/top floor untenable
- protect on fire escape/ Fog
- prevent auto exposure
- quick knockdown..allowing Engine to move in
Interior to exterior attack?
all members should be warned by HT-within or close proximity of building
TL operator should not start water until ASSURED all personnel are clear, unless IMMEDIATE LIFE HAZARD
FIRE building heavily involved?
- START AT LOWER FLOOR and work upward- for stream delivery
- positon nozzle close to and low in window
if possible basket should be placed SAME DISTANCE HORIZONTALLY FROM BUILDING AS IT WILL BE VERTICALLY BELOW THE TOP OF THE WALL
-stang can be directed downward below basket
If fire has been burning a long time and stability in doubt?
- keep basket beyond collapse area
- expose minimum section of boom
- position basket at The EDGE of building , limiting exposure to collapse …use 2 TL on each edge of building for full coverage
Movement of TL with Stream application?
- manpower sufficient and distance short with sufficient slack- TL can be moved without disconnecting lines
- water shut down at pumper
- DO NOT move with boom raised position
TL streams?
SATELLITE BEST SOURCE
- largest diameter hose
- supply water to base 200-250 psi
- relief valve set at 250 psi
- pumpers as close as possible to TL
- relay pumper can take water from more than one source
- relay pumper should have in excess of 80 PSI INTAKE PRESSURE with water flowing-relay can operate in volume and still deliver 250 psi
- shut down at pumper
- stretch male end whenever possible- 3 1/2”
- hose connections spanner tight
- nozzle pressures should not exceed 100 PSI
Units should not be engaged in Interior ops while TL stream is in operation…
unless LIFE HAZARD INVOLVED
TL FOR QUICK KNOCKDOWN- to enable interior forces - units withdrawn to safe location to the floor or floors below (not in weakened structures - VACANTS)
Loss of control at basket—wet , iced/dirty..
usually lose control of one movement- depressing control handle at basket without engaging deadman switch and rotating handle vigorously…doesn’t work..control from pedestal
Cornice Operations?
- power saw and bolt cutters
- use power saw or ax for NECESSARY CUTTING
- 6 FT HOOKS and general purpose rope for holding cornice during cutting
- if fire conditions permit-make open ends –preserve integrity (easy to repair)
METAL HANGERS of cornice may be cut with BOLT CUTTERS or POWER SAW- cut LAST
-place sections on ROOF or LOWER TO STREET
DO NOT use basket to remove large sections
-ir roof is safe..cornice may be lashed and secured on roof
Materials not to heavy and size permitting, MAY BE PLACED inside BASKET and lowered to street, onto floor, up to roof, …?
such items SHOULD NOT PROTRUDE BYOND BASKET RAILING
Live wires on apparatus?
- NO MEMBER SHOULD TOUCH APPARATUS(be aware of pumper if supplying TL)
- IMMEDIATELY NOTIFY OFFICER IN COMMAND THAT TL IS OUT OF SERVICE
- REQUEST UTILITY COMPANY
After retracting jacks and outriggers, the boom shall be?
RE-BEDDED
-hydraulic pressure relief valve is then opened
Boom limit switch malfunction…
limit switch finger can stick in CANTED position, preventing lowering of Boom
MOVING LIMIT SWITCH FINGER with 6 ft hook can correct this condition
-IF NECESSARY TO MOVE LIMIT SWITCH FINGER, must notify FLEET MAINTENANCE DIVISION
Inspected daily?
basket and pedestal railings, gates, locks, welds
- SAFETY BELTS IN BASKET (seat belt every tour)
- INTERCOM- electrical outlets at basket, lights
- Level of platform of basket
- hydraulic leaks
- check tool/equipment wont strike cable reel
Removing a CORNICE, usually requires?
Overhauling window frames require?
2 MEMBERS AND OFFICER
1 MEMBER working alone
Stream from TL can be used to remove?
shingles, siding , roofing, brickwork, possible demolition
Preferred placement of PINS?
OUTRIGGERS- LOWEST hole available
JACKS–HIGHEST SLOT available once extended
Turntable..
capable of rotating 360 degrees
-AUDIBLE alarm will sound when boom ops are in close proximity to cab
-SAFETY INTERLOCK FOOT PEDAL- base of pedestal, when activated, INCREASE engine RPM’s , activate hydraulic flow to allow movement, OVERRIDE BUCKET CONTROLS
AT NOT TIME should a turntable be rotated before lowering both outriggers
ALL THREE BOOM FUNCTIONS performed …
SIMULTANEOUSLY
-raise/lower, left/right, extend/retract
one hand on joystick and other cupping collar more precise movement
Number of FF’s operating in bucket limited to …
2
-each member operating in a TL bucket must personally verify placement of both door latches in the locked position prior to movement
-use installed safety belt OR life belt harness secured to substantial part of bucket
BUCKET RAILINGS ARE NOT SUBSTANTIAL PART OF BUCKET AND SHALL NOT BE USED
Tower Ladder may be placed on sidewalk..
partially OR FULLY
NOT on sidewalk containing UNDERGROUND VAULT
BROWNSTONES:
- attention to small bedrooms, ONLY ENTRANCE FROM HALL(deadman room)
- “BACKING IN” may permit booming UNDER 1st arriving aerial ladder
- LSR and SAW taken to roof when bucket used for roof access
- top floor VEIS essential
ROW FRAMES:
- Potentially COVER 6 ROW FRAMES
- positioned on side street, TL may cover 3 buildings
TENEMENTS:
- position to fire apt./floor above or off window of fire escape
- preferred method of rescue—angular approach, member operating the bucket FIRST raises the bucket up to the victims level, and OUT OF VICTIMS REACH, THEN EXTEND FOR RESCUE
H-TYPE…
- TOP FLOOR fires - positioning a TL in the throat can dramatically influence an operation
- LCC delayed positioning in the throat and allow ENGINE to complete backstretch (communication between ENGINE and ladder chauffeurs
- additional TL apparatus should be positioned to cover throat
- positioning TL in courtyard or rear lot used to prevent spread of fire across throat
- possible operation from an adjacent street over the top of lower buildings into the throat, rear or side of fire building
TAXPAYER
- position to operate at street level and protect exposures
- overhaul facade and gain access into cockloft
- observation at roof level (lightweight, gypsum, bowstring truss roofs)
PRIVATE DWELLING ./PEAK ROOF
- position to cover 2 sides and for possible ventilation
- turntable in ALLEY, affords frontal/side coverage as well as exposure protection(angle apparatus in or out)
- parallel to building , bucket can placed over the CORNER of the building near peak of the roof
- to “ valley” area where a hook ladder can be used to reach the peak
- TL, safest for ventilation of roof
HRFPMD..
position according to vehicle access points as per size
PLACES of WORSHIP…
–POSITION TO COVER 2 SIDES AND VENTILATION OF ROOF AND ROSE WINDOW
BACKING IN the apparatus may permit great flexibility in bucket placement …
PREVENTING CREW CAB from obstructing the boom’s reach
–DON’T BE CLSOER than 20 feet to apparatus (PORTABLE LADDER REMOVAL )
POSITION ON HILLS…
- position apparatus PARALLEL to direction of slope so boom ops will be UPHILL DIRECTION ..if possible apparatus facing DOWNHILL
- if facing DOWNHILL, place TURNTABLE PAST objective
- if facing UPHILL, place turntable BEFORE objective
- while on steep inclines , perform delicate and low speed operations, avoid sudden movements
- retracting and raising of boom may be required for up hill operation
POSITIONING AT VACANT LOTS..
- OFFICER and chauffeur must survey for collapse zones and voids
- ground doubtful stability (junk yard, vacant lots) may be advantageous to position PERPENDICULAR , nearly perpendicular , reduce pole vaulting and pressure on outriggers
- SHORING placed under outriggers (SOC can facilitate )
- boom should not be operate at RIGHT ANGLES TO CHASSIS at low elevations: it should be operated at NARROW angles over the front and rear of the apparatus
ELEAVATED TRAINS/ELEVATED HIGHWAYS..
-posiiton apparatus parallel to objective, with bucket in line with target, CLOSE to building line
-keep bucket in line or just past overhead EL column will generally allow clearance
OR
SIDE STREET , with turntable placed between overhead EL and the building , allowing access or stream application , beneficial for TL assigned as an additional unit
OVERHEAD WIRES…
- -IC should have the utility company remover power to wires when fire conditions warrant
- Members treat all wires LIVE
*Positioning CENTER OF APPARATUS DIRECTLY UNDER OVERHEAD WIRES (OR IN BETWEEN WIRES AND FIRE BUILDING ), at times utilizing sidewalk
LIVE OVERHEAD WIRES on apparatus..
– NOTIFY IC (URGENT MESSAGE/EAB)
-TL OOS
-NO MEMBER SHOULD TOUCH OR APPROACH APPARATUS
SAFEGUARD CIVIILIANS AND MEMBERS
-MEMBERS ON APPARATUS, REMAIN IN PLACE
-UTILITY COMPANY PRIORITY RESPONSE
TREE OBSTRUCTIONS ..
- EXTEND OR RAISE through light branches
- prior to chainsaw ops from bucket, notify IC AND MAKE SURE AREA BELOW IS CLEAR
TAKING UP..
–chauffeur verify ALL PINS REMOVED , prior to raising jacks /outriggers
–ensure that turntable platform arrow markings meet, before raising outriggers
–bedding–make sure light is illuminated and arrows line up
-position safety member on officers side
boom has tendency to rise form bedded position after jacks/outriggers have been retracted
if you must move BOOM LIMIT SWITCH MANUALLY,
notify FLEET MAINTENANCE DIVISION
NEVER WALK ALONGSIDE APPARATUS BACKING UP..
flank in rear /eye contact with chauffeur
-use apparatus buzzer and flashlights
