lactation

Question 1

alvioli function

Answer 1

• diffusion of substrates from the blood vessel into epithelial cells
• exchange of waste, hormones, nutrients between blood and alveoli
• stored secretions squeezed into ducks by muscles

Question 2

duct tissue

Answer 2

• drain to the gland cistern

- gland cistern connects to teat cistern

Question 3

mammory blood supply

Answer 3

400/500 L of blood/L of milk

-exchange of waste, hormones, nutrients between blood in the alveoli

Question 4

5 main structures of mamory gland

Answer 4

secretory tissue
-milk duct
cistern of gland
-teat cistern
-streak canal

Question 5

keratin prevents infection how

Answer 5

• rough surface
• cells slough off
• antibacterial agents

Question 6

Describe the reasons that lactation evolved for:

Answer 6

• bonding between mother and baby
• overcome hypothermia and starvation
• prevent disease and predation
• reduce incidence of excessive birth rate

Question 7

why use bovines for milk production

Answer 7

relatively docile
-ideal body size
ruminants have nutritious milk from low energy feed
-3.9% fat 3.2% protein

Question 8

dry off period

Answer 8

This is dying off senescent alveolar cells to allow the regeneration of these cells prior to the next lactation

Question 9

Describe how a dairy cow in negative energy balance in early lactation maintains milk production.

Answer 9

break down of fat tissue for use in milk synthesis.

Question 10

Lactogenesis

Answer 10

initiation of copios milk secretion

Question 11

5 stages of mammogenesis

Answer 11

conception to birth (development)

• puberty (development)
• pregnancy (repo cycle)
• lactation (repocycle)
• involution (repo cycle)

Question 12

whats extracted from the blood for milk synthesis

Answer 12

Glucose, amino acids, fatty acids and minerals

Question 13

nutrient supply is determined by

Answer 13

rate of blood flow and the concentration of nutrients

Question 14

a lactating cow needs energy for

Answer 14

maintenance

• milk production
• pregnancy

Question 15

energy required for synthesis and is contained in milk

Answer 15

• fat
• protien
• lactose

Question 16

what is the process that early lactating cows go through that have a negative body count

Answer 16

mobilise body reserves

• body fat matabolysim
• lipolysis