Labs test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Na normal range

A

136-145

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2
Q

K normal range

A

3.5-5.0

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3
Q

Cl normal range

A

98-106

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4
Q

CO2/ HCO3 normal range

A

23-30

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5
Q

BUN normal range

A

10-20

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6
Q

creatinine normal range

A

0.5-1.2

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7
Q

glucose normal range

A

74-106

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8
Q

critical values for K

A

<2.5 or >6.5

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9
Q

WBC normal range

A

Adults/Child >2: 5,000-10,000/mm3

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10
Q

WBC panic values

A

> 30,000 – Bone marrow disorder

<2,500 – Insufficient protection against invasive organisms

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11
Q

RBC normal range

A

4.7-6.1 x10^6

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12
Q

Hgb normal range

A

M: 14-18 g/dL
F: 12-16 g/dL

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13
Q

Hgb panic values

A

Panic: <5 g/dL OR >20g/dL

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14
Q

hematocrit normal values

A

M: 42-52%
F: 37-47%

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15
Q

Hct panic values

A

<15% or >60%

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16
Q

platelets normal values

A

150,000-415,000/mm^3

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17
Q

platelets panic values

A

<50,000 or >1 million/mm3

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18
Q

MCV normal range

A

80-100

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19
Q

MCV>100 is called what

A

macrocytic anemia

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20
Q

Absolute reticulocyte count formula

A

RBC count x % retics

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21
Q

Corrected Reticulocyte Count

A

reported count x Patient’s HCT

_____________________
Normal HCT

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22
Q

low ferritin levels is ASW what anemia

A

iron deficiency

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23
Q

microcytic hypochromic anema causes

A

TICS: Thalassemia, Iron deficiency (late detected), Chronic disease (AOCD), Sideroblastic anemia, + possible Lead poisoning (but not top 4 ddx)

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24
Q

atypical lymphocytes seen w/ what

A

viral infx

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25
atypical lymphocytes elevated >20%
mononucleosis
26
absolute neutrophil count formula
total WBC x (%neutrophils + bands)
27
CBC-D indication of left shift
increase in % neutrophils and bands compared to lymphocytes
28
DVT prophylaxis INR value
1.5-2.0
29
DVT INR values
2-3
30
Afib INR values
2-3
31
PE INR values
2.5-3.5
32
prosthetic valve prophylaxis values
3-4
33
test for pts on coumadin
INR
34
test for pts on heparin
aPTT
35
intrinsic causes of RBC hemolysis
- Hemoglobin defect: Sickle Cell - Membrane defect: Spherocytosis - Enzyme deficiency: G6PD
36
When RBC are hemolyzed, what lab tests go UP?
-reticulocyte count, lactate dehydrogenase, unconjugated bilirubin
37
When RBC are hemolyzed, what lab tests go DOWN?
In Hemolytic anemias, Haptoglobin decreases
38
hypernatremia value
>145
39
msot common cause of hypercalcemia
hyperparathyroidism
40
most common cause of hypocalcemia
s/p thyroidectomy
41
increase in calcitriol affects Ca and phosphate how?
Ca and phosphate increase
42
increase in PTH affects Ca and phsophate how?
Ca increases, phosphate decreases
43
normal AST/ALT value
<1
44
AST/ALT elevated in whom?
alcoholic liver dz
45
ALT is sensitive and specific for
hepatocellular dz
46
elevated alk phos level is most sensitive test for
metastases to liver
47
LDH is elevated in which 2 conditions
MI, hemolytic anemia
48
Elevated GGT + elevated ALP is specific for
hepatobiliary dz
49
normal A1C range
4-5.9%
50
What A1C levels indicate good, fair, poor control for a diabetic patient?
•Good diabetic control: <6.5% –Fair control: 6.8-7.5% –Poor control: >7.5%
51
corrected Ca formula
[Ca mg/dL]+{0.8×(4−[Alb g/dL])}
52
cell morphology ASW Post splenectomy, pyruvate kinase deficiency
Acanthocyte/spurr
53
cell morphology ASSW liver dz, artifact on speciumen, malnutrition
Echinocyte/burr
54
cell morphology ASW G6PD deficiency, oxidative drugs, Heinz body anemias
bite cell
55
RBC morphology ASW thalassemia, hemoglobin C dz, liver dz
target cells
56
RBC morphology ASW myelofibrosis, problems w/ bone marrow.
teardrops
57
RBC morphology ASW asplenism, severe hemolytic anemia
howell jolly bodies
58
RBC morphology ASW G6Pd deficiency, oxidative drugs
heinz bodies
59
RBC morphology ASW multiple myeloma
rouleaux
60
tests for macrocytic anemia
B12, folate, peripheral smear
61
tests for normocytic anemia
workup of chronic dz, bone marrow biopsy
62
tests for microcytic anemia
iron studies, Hgb electrophoresis, workup of chronic dz
63
causes of macrocytic RBC
vit B12 / folate defic, liver dz, MDS, chemo
64
mechanical valves can cause what RBC morphology?
schistocyte
65
autoimmune hemolytic anemia can cause what morphology of RBC
spherocyte
66
causes of hemolytic anemia
sickle cell, G6PD defic, splenic destruction, transfusion
67
cause of microcytic normochromic anemia
renal dz