Labs CN Flashcards
What cranial nerve is CN III and what’s responsible for?
Oculomotor- coordinated eye movement, eyelid drop, pupil dialation.
What’s CN IV responsible for
Trochlear - downward, inward eye movement.
CN V and responsible for
Trigeminal - ophthalmic, maxillary, mandible
CN VI and action
Abducens- eye movement, downward gaze.
Name cranial nerves X-XII and what’s it responsible for.
X - vagus nerve, vital signs, vocal tone, swallowing
XI- accessory spinal - shoulder shrug, head turn, scapular winging
XII - hypoglossal tongue movements
What cranial nerve is CN III and what’s responsible for?
Oculomotor- coordinated eye movement (smooth eye movement), eyelid elevation, pupil dialation, inward eye movement.
What’s CN IV responsible for
Trochlear - downward, inward eye movement.
CN V and responsible for
Trigeminal - ophthalmic, maxillary, mandible
CN VI and action
Abducens- eye movement, downward gaze.
CN VII
Facial nerve - facial expression
CN VIII
Vestibulococlear - hearing and balance
CN IX
Glosopharyngeal - gag reflex
Normal Hgb level
Male -14-17
Female-12-16
Reasons for elevated Hgb
Polycythemia, smoker, COPD, dehydration, prolonged tourniquets, transfusion
Reasons for decreased Hgb
Blood loss, fluid overload (hemodilution), anemia, nutritional deficiency, renal insufficiency, aplastic anemia, phlebotomy
Normal WBC level
5-10
Elevated WBC cause
Infection, inflammation, mania, acute stress, leukemia
Decreased WBC
Immunosuppression, medication induced, radiation, nutritional deficiency
Normal platelets
140-400
Decreased platelets
Bleeding, polycythemia, leukemia, inflammation, malignancy, chronic hypoxia
Elevated platelets cause
Clumping, splenomegaly, aplastic anemia, leukemia, medication induced
Normal neutrophil level
1800-8000
Reasons increase neutrophils
Acute stress, inflammation, tumors, steroids, epinephrine, lithium, bleeding, seizures, myeloproliferative disorder.
Reasons decreases neutrophils
*Medication- methotrexate, clozapine. Antipsychotics
*aplastic anemia, megaloblastic anemia (folate, B12 deficiency), margination (redistribution) hypersplenism, severe sepsis, viremia, aids, radiation therapy, immunosupression meds, uremia
Normal basophil
0-200
Normal eosinophil
0-600
Normal lymphocyte
1000-5000
Elevated lymphocytes
Viral infections, leukemia, thyrotoxicosis, allergic reaction, mania
Lab values in dehydration
Increased creatinine, BUN, serum sodium
Normal creatinine
0.6-1.3
Normal BUN
7-18
Normal Na+
136-145
What should normal AST/ALT ratio be?
1.15 in normal adults (2:1 alcoholic liver disease)
If AST/ALT ratio =1
=1 acute viral hepatitis or hepatotoxicity
If AST/ALT ratio less than 1
Normal or NASH/NAFLD
Normal ammonia level
9-33
What elevates ammonia and what two meds combined cause a significant increase and why
Depakote, severe liver disease. Most common when depakote combined with amitryptyline and fluoxetine (inhibit metabolism of valpofic acid.
