Final Haul Flashcards
what is a healthcare strategy that focuses on early detection and intervention for diseases and injuries AFTER they have ALREADY OCCURRED
secondary prevention
Examples of secondary prevention
- screenings -help detect disease in early stage
- lifestyle changes
- immunizaton to contacts of people
timeframe of adjustment disorder
typically begins within 3 months of a stressor and lasts no longer than 6 months
major differences between conduct disorder and ODD
- ODD involves being defiant, rebellious toward authority figures, arguing, breaking rules, sx appear in preschool. Often considered milder form of CD.
- conduct disorder violates rights of others, property destruction, may lead to legal consequences, often develops in later childhood and adolescence.
major difference between intermittent explosive disorder and disruptive mood dysregulated disorder
- DMDD, the person must be in an angry state for most of the time between aggressive outbursts
- those with IED spend less than 50% of the time between aggressive outbursts in an angry state
Criteria for Tourettes
- at least 2 motor tics and 1 vocal tic for for at least one year (they can occur at different times but must be present for at least one year)
When do symptoms of Rett syndrome typically begin
(affects 1 in 10,000 girls per year. More in girls because the gene mutation occurs on the x chromosome, rarely occurs in boys
* Can be normal for first 5-6 months then see changes 6-18 months.
Intellectual disability
- low intellect and adaptive functioning
- onset before age 18
- mild, moderate, severe
- based on adaptive functioning, not IQ scores
- Downs (chromosome 21), FMRI - fragile X, tay sachs, tuberculosis
what is most preventable cause of intellectual disability
fetal alcohol syndrome
characteristics of fetal alcoholism
- epicanthal skin folds (also seen in down’s, asians)
- low nasal bridge
- short nose
- smooth or indistinct philtrum (dimple above lips)
- small head circumference
- small eye openings
- wide set eyes
- curved 5th finger
- top of ear underdeveloped
- thing upper lip
cryptorchidism
failure of one or both testicles to descend
neurocognitive disorder in TBI
evidence of traumatic brain injury with one or more of the following:
* loss of conciousness
* posttraumatic amnesia
* disorientation and confusion
* neurological signs (neuroimaging demonstrating injury, new onset of seizures, worsening seizure disorder, visual field cuts, hemiparesis, anosmia (loss of smell)
moderate to severe symptoms of TBI
- chronic worsening headaches
- repeated nausea and vomiting
- seizures
- difficult to arrouse from sleep
- unequal pupils
- confusion
- restlessness and agitation
- slurred speech
- extreme weakness or numbness
- loss of coordination
catatonia sx
LIMP MEN
* Lethargy (stupor)
* Immobility
* Mutism
* Positioning
* Motor abnormalities
* Echolalia / echopraxia
* Negativism -
negativism in catatonia
not following or resisting commands
dysthymia is now called
persistent depressive disorder
Persistent depressive disorder criteria
HES 2 SAD
* hopelessness
* energy
* self-esteem
* 2+ years
* sleep
* appetite
* Decision making
Bipolar disorder criteria nmeumonic
mania - DIG FAST
* distractability
* impulsivity
* grandiosity
* flight of ideas
* activity increase
* sleep (less need for)
* talkativeness
“3-4/7 one fun week”
simple clue for bipolar mixed episode
low mood with increased activity
simple clue hypomania
DIG FAST criteria but less impairing
age diagnose DMDD and what family history to screen for
- 6-17
- family history of bipolar disorder
mood stabilizers and antidepressants approved for children
- lithium - age 7 and older
- prozac - 8 and > MDD; 7-17 OCD
- Lexapro - ages 12 and older
- Lurasidone - 10-17, MDD associated with bipolar
- zyprexa - 13 and older for schizophrenia and bipolar
Key receptor reduced in asians and african americans
2C19
factors in elderly that affect drug metabolism
- decreased intracellular water
- decreased protein binding
- low muscle mass
- reduced metabolism
- increased body fat