Labs and Reference Ranges Flashcards by Brinda Rajan

chem 7 panel

na cl bun glucose
k hco3 scr

wbc (hgb/hct) plt

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leukocytosis

inc wbc

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polycythemia

inc rbc

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thrombocytosis

inc platelets

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leukopenia

dec wbc

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anemia

dec rbc or hgb

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thrombocytopenia

dec platelets

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agranulocytosis

dec in neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils

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causes of agranulocytosis

propylthiouricil,methimazole, procainamid, clozapine, carbamazepine, bactrim, isoniazid

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calcium total

8.5-10.5mg/dL

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when to calculate corrected calcium

if the albumin is low

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causes of calcium increase

vitamin D, thiazide diuretics

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causes of calcium decrease

long term heparin, loop diuretics, bisphosphonates,cinacalcet

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magnesium

1.3-2.1

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causes of magnesium derease

PPIs, diuretics

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phosphate

2.3-4.7

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causes of phosphate increase

renal failure

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potassium

3.5-5

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causes of potassium increase

ace/arb, aldosterone receptor antagonists, aliskiren, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, potassium supplements, drospirenone, canaglifozin

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causes of potassium decrease

beta 2 agonists, diuretics, insulin

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sodium

135-145

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causes of sodium decrease

carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, ssris, diuretics

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bicarb

venous: 24-30

arterial 22-26

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causes of bicarb decrease

topiramate

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BUN

7-20

causes of bun increase

renal impairment and dehydration

scr

0.6-1.3

causes of scr increase

aminoglycosiders, ampho b, cisplatin, colistimethate,cyclosporine, loop diuretics, polymyxin, nsaids, contrast dye, tac, and vanc

anion gap

5-12

wbc

4-11000

causes of wbc increase

systemic steroids

causes of wbc decrease

clozapine, carbamzepine

neutrophils

45-73%

bands

3-5%

eospinophils

0-5%

causes of eosinophil increase

parasitic infection

basophils

0-1%

causes of basophil increase

hypersensitivity reaction

lymphocytes

20-40%

causes of lymphocyte increase

viral infections, lymphoma

causes of lymphocyte decrease

bone marrow suppression, HIV or systemic steroids

RBC

4. 5-5.5 (m) | 4. 1-4.9 (f)

causes of RBC decrease

chemo, deficiency anemias, hemolytic anemia, sickle cell

hgb

13.5-18 (m) | 12-16(F)

causes of hgb increase

esa

causes of hgb decrease

anemias

mcv

80-100

causes of mcv increase

b12 or folate deficiency

causes of mcv decrease

iron deficiency

folic acid

5-25

causes of folic acid decrease

phenytoin/fosphenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, mtx, bactrim

vitamin b12

>200

causes of vitamin b12 decrease

PPIs, metforomin

coombs test, direct

used to determine cause of hemolytic anemia

cause of positive coombs test

penicillins/cephalosporoins, isoniazid, levodopa, methyldopa, nitrofurantoin, quinidine, quinine, rifampin, sulfonamide

g6pd

5-14

causes of g6pd deficiency

fava beans, chloroquine, dapsone, methylene blue, nitrofurantoin, primaquine, probenecid, quinidine, quinine, rasburicase, and sulfonamides

anti-Xa

obtained 4 hours after sc

causes of increase anti-xa

heparin, lmwhs

10-13

inr

<1.2 (if not on warfarin)

causes of increase in pt/inr

liver disease, daptomycin

aPTT

22-38 seconds

plts

150-450,000

causes of PLT decrease

heparin, lmwh, fondaparinux, valproic acid

albumin

3.5-5

drugs that require correction for low albumin

phenytoin, valproic acid, calcium

AST

10-40

ALT

10-40

T bili

0.1-1.2

amylase

60-180

lipase

5-160

causes of increased pancreatitis

didanosine, GLP-1 agonists, valproic acid, hypertriglyceridemia

creatinine kinase

55-170 (m) | 30-135 (f)

causes of creatinine kinase increase

daptomycin, statins, tenofovir, raltegravir, dolutegravir

ldl

<100

hdl

>60

non hdl

<130

CRP

0-0.5

fasting glucose

100-125 (prediabetes)

c peptide

0.78-1.89

UAE

<30mg/24 hrs

TSH

0.3-3

causes of tsh increase

interferons, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, lithium, carbamazepine

uric acid

3.5-7.2 (m) | 2-6.5 (f)

increase in uric acid

diuretics, niacin, aspirin,pyrazinamide, cyclosporine,tac,pancreatic enzyme product, chemotherapy

causes DILE

anti-tnf, hydralazine, isoniaxid, methimazole, methyldopa, minocycline, procainamide, propylthiouracil, quinidine, terbinafine

HIV CD4 count

800-1100

7.35-7.45

psa

lactic acid

0.5-2.2

causes of increased lactic acid

NRTIs, metformin

causes of increase in prolactin

haloperidole, risperidone, paliperidone

RPR

used for syphilis

vit D

>30