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USMLE 2 > Labs > Flashcards

Labs Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Na

A

135-145

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2
Q

Cl

A

95-05

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3
Q

K

A

3.5-5

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4
Q

HCO3

A

22-28

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5
Q

Severe Dehydration

A

sunken (not flat) fontanelles, 20mL/kg normal saline

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6
Q

Hyponatremia Equasions

A

[(px Tg -400) / 100] x 1.6 + pt sNa (hyperTG) Hyperglycemic (px glucose - 100_

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7
Q

Hyernatremia with mild dehydration in children

A

(sNa - 140)/3 = #L D5W1L. D5W for every 3mEq above 140. over 48hrs

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8
Q

Mg

A

1.5-2

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9
Q

Ca

A

8.4-10.2

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10
Q

Phosphorus

A

3.0-4.5

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11
Q

Albumin

A

3.5-5.5

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12
Q

Total Ptn

A

6.0-7.8

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13
Q

Corrected Ca

A

(Nl albumin - Px albumin) x 0.8 + sCa

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14
Q

PTH

A

230-630

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15
Q

pH

A

7.35-7.45

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16
Q

pCO2

A

33-45

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17
Q

Bicarb

A

22-28

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18
Q

pO2

A

75-105

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19
Q

Expected PCO2

A

HCO3 + 15 (PCO2 < Predicted = loosing PCO2 therefore Respiratory Alkalosis)

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20
Q

Erythrocytes

A

3.5-6.0

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21
Q

Hematocrit

A

Male 40-50 Female 35-45

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22
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Male 13.5-17.5 Female 12-16

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23
Q

MCV

A

80-100

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24
Q

Leukocytes

A

4500-11000

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25
Q

Neutros

A

54-62

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26
Q

Lymph

A

25-33

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27
Q

Monos

A

3-7

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28
Q

Bands

A

3-5

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29
Q

Eos

A

1-3

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30
Q

Reticulocytes

A

0.5-1.5%

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31
Q

Platelets

A

150,-400,

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32
Q

PTT

A

25-40

33
Q

PT

A

11-15

34
Q

BT

A

2-7min

35
Q

ESR

A

0-20

36
Q

Haptoglobin

A

40-140 Low think Hemolysis/Drugs, High Inflammation/Steroids

37
Q

Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia

A

<10k splenectomy

38
Q

Hemoglobin A1c

A

<7%in Diabetic px

39
Q

BUN

A

7-18

40
Q

Creatine

A

0.6-1.2

41
Q

WBC

A

100 TB-Lymphocyts Bac/Fungal-Neutros (up to 30 is normal in newborns

42
Q

Pressure

A

50-180

43
Q

Glucose

A

NL and Viral >40, Bacterial consuption <40

44
Q

Protien

A

45 Viral, > 100 Bacterial/Fungal/ TB

45
Q

pH

A

> 7.2 <7.2 malignancy/bacteria

46
Q

Protien

A

< 2.5g > malignancy/bacteria

47
Q

SAAG

A

SerumA - AscitesA >1.1 more Salbumin, think liver cirrhosis like. <1.1 more Aalbumin think malignancy, TB, pancreatic, lymphatic leak, tissue dz.

48
Q

WBC

A

<250 (Bacterial PMNs, TB/Lymphoma Lymphocytic)

49
Q

Glucose

A

~Serum levels(>50). In Bacterial consumption: <50

50
Q

Amylase

A

half serum level, 5x serum perferated vicus or pancreatitis

51
Q

LDH

A

LDH equal to 60% of SLDH with high protien look for Malignancy

52
Q

WBC count

A

> 1000,000 Septic Arthritis. >2,000 Inflammatory Arthritis <2,000 Osteoarthritis

53
Q

Crystals

A

Positive-Pseudogout, Neg-Gout

54
Q

Glucose

A

Low in RA and Septic A.

55
Q

Culture

A

Borrelia Burgdorfi-Lyme not easily detected.

56
Q

normal systemic vascular resistance

A

~1000-1600 dyne*sec/cm

57
Q

CVP

A

3-5cc

58
Q

RA

A

0-8

59
Q

Pulmonary

A

32-48/16-24

60
Q

LA PCWP

A

8-10

61
Q

LV

A

140/8-10

62
Q

Aorta

A

120/80

63
Q

systolic RA RV Pul LA LV

A

RA3-Pul25/10-LA10-LV140/10-A120/80

64
Q

Atypical Glandular Cells

A

Endometrial Cancer,<35 with no risk factors- colposcopy, endocervical curretage and HPV DNA testing. Anything else add endometrial biopsy.

65
Q

Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance or Low Grade Intraepithelial Lesion

A

21 colposcopy-HPV DNA and repeat PAP in 6 mths.

66
Q

High Grade Anything

A

immediate colposcopy

67
Q

CIN1

A

> 21 close observation, pap at 6 and 12mths, HPV 12 mths

68
Q

CIN 2-3

A

cryo, lazer, LEEP

69
Q

CURB 65

A

Hospitalization for CAPneumonia,

Confusion, PaO2 30, BUN >7, >65yo

70
Q

Lymphnodes Head n Neck

A

Submental, Submandibular, Tonsillar, Ant Cervical, Posterior Cervical,

71
Q

Lymph nodes of arm

A

Supratrochlear: above the medial epicondyle of humerus
Deltoideopectoral gland, pec major and deltoid muscle.
Axillary gland: Para sternum, Lateral or brachical, anterior or pectoral axillary, posterior or subscapular axillary, central or intermediate, medial or subclavian.

72
Q

Lymph nodes of lower limbs

A

Superficial inguinal
Deep Inguinal
Popliteal lymph nodes

73
Q

sneeze, laugh, loss of urine

A

Stress Incontinence, fallen out bladder neck, loss of bladder angle, tx urethroplexy

74
Q

gotta go, gotta go, gotta go

A

Urge Incontinence, overactive detrussor, cystometric examination, unihibitited contractions. Tx anticholinergic to relax detrussor

75
Q

Overdistended bladder

A

Overflow, loss with valsalva, dribbling, DM, spinal cord injery, Postvoid residual volume, Tx intermittent self catheterization

76
Q

Fistula

A

die into the bladder shows up in vagina

77
Q

GFR

A

healthy adult 120ml/min

78
Q

Filtration Fraction

A

0.2 or 20%

USMLE 2 (5 decks)

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