labs

Question 1

vitamin d

Answer 1

20 to 40 ng/ml

Question 2

calcium level

Answer 2

8.6 to 10.2 mg/dl

Question 3

osteoporosis

Question 4

osteopenia level

Answer 4

-1.5 to -2.4

Question 5

ast/alt

Answer 5

0 to 40

Question 6

urine output

Answer 6

500 to 2000

Question 7

serum creatinine

Answer 7

male– 0.7 to 1:3

female–0.6 to 1.2

Question 8

gfr

Answer 8

less than 90 ml/ min

Question 9

UA

normal wbc

rbc

Answer 9

wbc– less than. 10

rbc less than 5

Question 10

uti urine c/s defination

Answer 10

less than 10,000 – no infection

more than 100,000 of single organisms – uti

more than 100000 cfu with mixed bacteria– contamination

Question 11

elisa and western bolt test is used to find out

Answer 11

The ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and Western blot tests detect only HIV antibodies. That is why there is a “window period” with HIV infection. If the test is performed too early in the infection, it will be falsely negative because there may not yet be enough antibodies against HIV to trigger a positive result.

Question 12

what is the name of the test for HIV

Answer 12

The p24 antigen appears early in HIV infection and enables earlier detection. The preferred test for HIV screening is the fourth-generation HIV 1/2 combination antibody with p24 antigen test. If strong suspicion of HIV infection, also order the HIV RNA PCR test, which detects the HIV virus direc