labour/pregnancy anatomy

Question 1

What is a grade 1 perineal tear?

Answer 1

superficial - skin/vaginal mucosa/frenulum of labia minora

Question 2

What is a grade 2 perineal tear?

Answer 2

perineal muscle and fascia but spares the anal sphincter

Question 3

What is a grade 3 perineal tear?

Answer 3

extends into the external anal sphincter
3a <50% total thickness
3b >50% total thickness
3c internal anal sphincter is torn

Question 4

What is a grade 4 perineal tear?

Answer 4

3c + rectal mucosa is torn