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ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY > Labour Power > Flashcards

Labour Power Flashcards

1
Q

how labour relationships are socially constructed.

A

we created them, we gave them that meaning and we can change them.

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2
Q

Who is more mobile? Capital or labour?

A

capital. Money can be moved to china, but workers can’‘t move to china. Capital is more mobile, even more mobile because restrictions are

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3
Q

Is labour at the mercy of globally mobile capital?

A
  • relative geographic geographic of capital
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4
Q

What happens when workers demand high pay?

A

Corporations can just move.

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5
Q

How are workers less mobile? what keeps them in place?

A
  • Family/Friends/Social ties
  • Cost
  • Visa, travel
  • Risk
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6
Q

How are workers less mobile? what keeps them in place?

A
  • Workers are less mobile
  • Importance of family and community
  • Household decisions
  • Attachment to place
  • Regulations and restrictions on mobility
  • between/within countries
  • Recognition of credentials (or not) •Migration is costly; rewards uncertain
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7
Q

Why are not all employers mobile?

A
  • certain sectors
  • Companies need to extract as much profit as possible from fixed investments.
    (but technology allows increased outsourcing and off-shoring of back office service jobs)
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8
Q

Lean production

A

????
- SEE TEXT BOOK

  • an increase in part-time and casual labour
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9
Q

Who shapes labour markets?

A

The labour market is influenced by institutions that exist beyond the scale of the relationship between individual employer and employee.

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10
Q

The labour market is influenced by…….. (who shapes labour markets)

A

The labour market is influenced by institutions that exist beyond the scale of the relationship between individual employer and employee.

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11
Q

Who shapes labour markets?

A

•International agreements, eg. free trade•Labour laws enacted by government•Control over access to trades and professions •Public sector employment•Unions (worker agency

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12
Q

what are some labour market regulations?

A

employ (****D

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13
Q

The Labour Standards act

A
  • doesn’t cover all workers
    - temporary foreign workers
    - agricultural workers and domestic workers
    - some professions (lawyers, licensing offices)
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14
Q

Unions

A

protect all the workers in one place in one profession

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15
Q

Neoliberal labour markets

A
  • weaker systems of vocational training & limited company involvement (we don’t have enough of it, should be options for eeveryone to develop skills to get a good job)
  • Strong post-secondary & doctoral programs but few linkes to employers
  • Short term employment contracts
  • competitive labour market
  • company based uncoordinated wage bargaining
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16
Q

Neoliberal labour markets

A
  • weaker systems of vocational training & limited company involvement (we don’t have enough of it, should be options for everyone to develop skills to get a good job)
  • Strong post-secondary & doctoral programs but few links to employers
  • Short term employment contracts
  • competitive labour market
  • company based uncoordinated wage bargaining
  • limited unions
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17
Q

Coordinated (german

A
  • Strong systems of vocation ed
  • Strong systems of vocational education with links to industry and unions
  • Limited post-secondary and higher education, linked to employers and industry
  • Longer term employment relations
  • Unions, protection, employees play role in decision making processes
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18
Q

Neoliberal labour markets

A

(CANADA)

  • weaker systems of vocational training & limited company involvement (we don’t have enough of it, should be options for everyone to develop skills to get a good job)
  • Strong post-secondary & doctoral programs but few links to employers
  • Short term employment contracts
  • competitive labour market
  • company based uncoordinated wage bargaining
  • limited unions
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19
Q

Coordinated (german

A

(FRANCE) - Strong systems of vocational education with links to industry and unions

  • Limited post-secondary and higher education, linked to employers and industry
  • Longer term employment relations
  • Unions, protection, employees play role in decision making processes (stronger unions, better union protection)
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20
Q

Coordinated (german

A

(FRANCE) - Strong systems of vocational education with links to industry and unions

  • Limited post-secondary and higher education, linked to employers and industry
  • Longer term employment relations
  • Unions, protection, employees play role in decision making processes (stronger unions, better union protection)
  • more likely to go to a job that corresponds to
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21
Q

Licenscing bodies

A

elements that regulate the labour market. gives people licensces

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22
Q

examples of jobs that are regulated

A

law
healthcare
food

23
Q

Control over access to trades and professions

A

Foreign credentials, qualifications or experience not always recognized - why??

              - protects local businesses
              - concerns about educational standards
              - Professional associations protect members
              - Forcing immigrants forced into low skilled, low paid jobs (effect)
24
Q

In 2014, the canadian (only for a few countries like UK, Australia etc.

A

However, the process is not

25
Q

Public sector employment is ….

A

decreasing

26
Q

Short term contracts

A

even the government is more and more short term contracts

27
Q

Langara

A

the security, cleaner, the food services were not sub contracted out!!!

  • no job security
28
Q

Profit by charging more than they pay the workers

A

( amazon, wallmart, tim hortons, wendy’s) -often done by temporary workers

29
Q

Flexible labour market

A

you can hire and fire people freely. Great for employers (no accountability to these employers). Workers work in one place and their employers are fro some place. But no job security for workers

30
Q

Temporary work is increasing everywhere

A

In southern europe in particular

15-29 year olds, over 50% are on temporary contracts

31
Q

Temp cont.

A

part of the reserve army of labour

32
Q

Reserve Army of Labour

A

Unemployed or Underemployed people.

33
Q

Function of Reserve Army of Labour

A

You can pull them into the market when you need them, and but them to when you don’t need them.

Short term contract for a couple of month, then you can change.

34
Q

Functions of Reserve Army of Labour

A
  • low wages - high demand for jobs
  • lean production - employers can have labour but they don’t have to pay them in their off time
  • a threatening reminder that your job can be temporary
35
Q

Opposite of short term contract

A

Unionized job.

Advocate for better working conditions and generally raise the standards for all workers.

36
Q

How the labour market is segmented

A

skill

pay

job security

race and gender

age

37
Q

Chinese labourers for railroads

A
  • certain benefits and standards

- alloed certain sectors

38
Q

Segmentation of labour by PAY and SKILL

A
  • Fordist era labour market
39
Q

Fordist Era

A

50’s - 70’s
???

  • breadwinner was the man
  • he could buy a ford car
  • Labour market was segmented into theprimary labour market and the secondary labur market.
    (non white people werent allowed in unions, women werent allowed in unions)
40
Q

Primary labour market in the fordist era labour market

A
  • When unions have power but some people do get locked in due to seniority
41
Q

Secondary labour market

A

-

42
Q

Flexible labour market era 1970-present)

A

Core workers

Peripheral Workers

43
Q

CORE WORKERS in

A

multi skilled, well paid

44
Q

SECONDARY WORKERS in a flexible labour market

A

less skilled, low paid, hired or contracted as needed

45
Q

Flexible labour market era did not have

A

unions

46
Q

Neoliberal view of flexible labour market era

A
  • hurt markets (unions)
47
Q

In canada a union membership is

A

mandatory. this is good because you cannot divide the workforce and give people different benefits.

48
Q

“RIght to Work”

A

unions prevent you from working because they keep you in that work sector (

  • convincing workers that it is in their best interest
  • they lit peoples access to jobs
  • where unions are banned from forming (States)
49
Q

“CUPE”

A

Canadian union public employees
: education, libraries
education

health care

50
Q

Canadian Auto Workers (CAW)

A

One of canada’s largest and highest profile labour unions.

this joining together dem

51
Q

Unions used to be

A

sector specific

52
Q

Unions have lost power, so they have had to consolidate

A

like UFW which stands for : Union of Food and Commercial WOrkers

53
Q

used to be a lot of manufacturing

A

they are located those new factories far away from detroit . because detroit has a strong knowledge about unions and their benefit

new factories are in right to work states. this practice erods the power of workers everywhere

ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY (15 decks)

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