Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Repro > Labour > Flashcards

Labour Flashcards

1
Q

Braxton Hicks contractions? (5)

A 
Irregular
Usually occur from the third trimester
Initially mild and crampy, can be strong
Not felt by everyone
Last for a few minutes then disappear
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Signs of labour?

A

Show (mucus plug from the cervix)
Rupture of membranes
Regular painful contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Scoring system for labour progression?

A

Bishop Score

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Situations where it may be beneficial to induce early labour?

A

Macrosomia
Reduced foetal movements
Pre-eclampsia
Premature rupture of membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is assessed to calculate a Bishop score?

A 
Foetal station
Cervical position
Cervical dilatation
Cervical effacement
Cervical consistency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A score of (?) or less indicates labour will not occur without being induced?

A

5 or less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Two main methods for induction of labour?

A

Membrane sweep

Vaginal pessaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

If a membrane sweep is successful, labour should start within?

A

48 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do vaginal pessaries release?

A

Prostaglandin E2, stimulating cervical ripening (Dinoprostone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What can be used if other methods are unsuccessful?

A

Artificial rupture of membranes and an oxytocin infusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is used to induce labour if there is foetal death during pregnancy?

A

Misoprostol or mifepristone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Indications for continuous CTG monitoring? (5) (SOMPA)

A 
Sepsis
Oxytocin
Meconium
Pre-eclampsia (with blood pressure >160/110)
Antepartum haemorrhage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does cardiotocography (CTG) measure? (5)

A 
Contractions
Baseline rate
Variability
Accelerations
Decelerations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Synthetic oxytocin for starting labour?

A

Syntocinon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Start contractions?

A

Ergometrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Combination drug for starting labour and contractions?

A

Syntometrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pessary induction of labour?

A

Vaginal prostaglandins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Third stage of labour?

A

Delivery of the placenta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why active management of third stage of labour?

A

Reduces the risk of postpartum haemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Management of third stage?

A

Empty bladder
IM syntocinon after birth of baby
Cord clamping and cutting within 1 minute of birth
Wait for uterine contraction
Controlled cord traction
Examination of placenta after delivery (aim to deliver in one piece)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Elective caesarean indications?

A 
Previous caesarean
Placenta praevia
Breech presentation
Cephalopelvic disproportion
Female choice
IUGR
Post-maturity
Uncontrolled HIV
Cervical cancer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Emergency caesarean, category 1?

A

Immediate threat to life of the mother or baby. Decision to delivery target time 30 mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Emergency caesarean, category 2?

A

No imminent threat to life, but required due to compromise of the mother or baby. Decision to delivery target time 75 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Emergency caesarean, category 3?

A

Delivery is required but mother and baby are stable

25
Emergency caesarean, category 4?
Elective caesarean
26
Anaesthetic in caesarean?
Spinal block, safer and faster recovery than general
27
Complications of caesarean?
``` Risk of anaesthetic General surgical risks (bleeding, infection, pain, VTE) Damage to local structures Effect on abdominal organs Effect of future pregnancies Effect on baby ```
28
Caesarean effects on future pregnancies?
Increased risk of: - repeat caesarean - uterine rupture - placenta praevia - stillbirth
29
Vaginal birth after caesarean?
VBAC Yes, provided reason unlikely to reoccur Individual assessment necessary Success rate about 75%
30
Contraindications of vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC)?
Previous uterine rupture Classical caesarean scar Other normal contraindications to vaginal delivery (e.g. placenta praevia)
31
VTE after caesarean section?
Emergency c-section need 10 days of low molecular weight heparin Elective do not, unless other predisposition
32
What happens in amniotic fluid embolism?
Amniotic fluid, containing foetal cells, passes into the mother's blood and leads to an immune response from the mother
33
Risk factors for amniotic fluid embolism?
Increasing maternal age | Induction of labour
34
Presentation of amniotic fluid embolism?
``` SOB Cough Fever Respiratory failure Tachycardia Hypotension Haemorrhage ```
35
Uterine rupture risk factors?
``` VBAC Previous uterine surgery Increased BMI High parity Induction of labour ```
36
What is shoulder dystocia?
Babies shoulder gets stuck behind the pubic symphysis after the head has been delivered
37
Risk factors for shoulder dystocia?
Macrosomia Maternal obesity Diabetes mellitus Dysfunctional labour patterns
38
Management of shoulder dystocia? (6)
``` Episiotomy McRoberts manoeuvre Pressure to anterior shoulder Rubins manoeuvre Woods Screw manoeuvre Zavanelli manoeuvre ```
39
McRoberts manoeuvre?
Hyperflexing the mother at the hip
40
Rubins manoeuvre?
Reaching into the vagina to put pressure on the posterior aspect of the stuck shoulder
41
Complications of shoulder dystocia?
Foetal hypoxia Erb's palsy Perineal tears Postpartum haemorrhage
42
Cord prolapse?
Umbilical cord descends below the presenting part of the foetus
43
Biggest risk factor for cord prolapse?
Non cephalic lie after 37 weeks gestation
44
Diagnosing cord prolapse?
Suspect when signs of foetal distress on CTG Diagnosed during vaginal examination at time of labour Speculum can be used to confirm diagnosis
45
Management of cord prolapse?
Emergency c-section Presenting part of baby can be pushed back in to prevent compression Tocolytic medication (nifedipine) can be used to slow contractions before c-section Don't touch the cord as this can cause vasospasm, should be kept warm and moist
46
Indications for assisted delivery?
Failure to progress Foetal or maternal distress Control of the head in various foetal positions
47
Risks of instrumental delivery?
Increased haemorrhage | Increased tears/requirement for episiotomy
48
Ventouse?
Suction cup on babies head
49
Main complication of ventouse?
Cephalohematoma on babies head
50
Forceps delivery?
Metal tongs to grip babies head
51
Main complication of forceps delivery?
Facial nerve palsy, can leave bruises
52
Definitions of postpartum haemorrhage?
500ml normal after vaginal delivery 1L normal after c-section So anything above this
53
Risk factors for postpartum haemorrhage (PPH)?
``` Previous PPH Multiple pregnancy Large baby Pre-eclampsia Anaesthetic Grand multipara (>5) Slow or failure to progress in second stage of labour ```
54
Causes of PPH? (4Ts)
Tone Trauma Tissue Thrombin (bleeding disorders)
55
Preventative measures in PPH?
Treat antenatal anaemia Empty bladder for delivery Oxytocin for third stage of labour Tranexamic acid can be used IV during third stage in a c-section
56
Management of PPH?
Resuscitation (ABCDE approach) Large bore cannula Group and cross match In severe cases activate major haemorrhage protocol
57
Mechanical treatment options in PPH?
Rubbing the uterus from the abdomen | Catheterisation
58
Medical treatment options in PPH?
IV 10 units of syntocinon/500mg ergometrine Carboprost Misoprostol Tranexamic acid
59
Surgical treatment options in PPH?
Balloon tamponade B-Lynch suture Uterine artery ligation Hysterectomy (last resort)

Repro (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions