Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Procedures Flashcards
Abdominal Computed Tomography (CT Scan)
A series of cross sectional x-ray images that show abdominal organs.
Abdominal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Magnetic and radio waves create images of abdominal organs and tissues in all three planes of the body.
Abdominal Ultrasonography
Process of beaming sound waves into the abdomen to produce images of organs, such as the gallbladder.
Endoscopic Ultrasonography is useful to detect enlarged lymph nodes and tumors in the upper abdomen.
Barium Tests
X-ray examination using a liquid barium mixture to locate disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.
In a barium enema (lower GI series) barium is injected into the anus and rectum, and x-ray images are taken in of the colon.
Barium Swallow (Upper GI series), barium is taken in through the mouth, and x-ray images reveal the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine.
Cholangiography
X-ray examination of the bile ducts after the injection of contrast material through the liver (percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography) or through a catheter from the mouth, esophagus, and stomach into the bile ducts.
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract with an endoscope.
Ex. Esophagoscopy, gastroscopy, colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy.
Hemoccult Test
Feces are placed on paper containing the chemical guaiac, which reacts with hidden (occult) blood. This is important screening test for colon cancer.
Laparoscopy
Visual examination of the abdominal cavity through an endoscope inserted in the abdomen.
Liver Function Tests (LFTs)
Measurements of the liver enzymes and other substances in the blood.
Enzyme levels increase when the liver is damaged (as in hepatitis).
Ex. Enzymes such as ALT, AST, Alkaline Phosphatase (Alk Phos).
High bilirubin levels indicate jaundice caused by liver disease or other problems affecting the liver.
Stool Culture
Feces (stools) are placed in a growth medium (culture) to test for microorganisms (such as bacteria).
