Anatomy

Question 1

Mouth

Answer 1

Opening in the beginning of the digestive system.

Question 2

Pharynx

Answer 2

Throat.

Passageway in the head and neck that is part of both the digestive system and respiratory system.

Connects the nose, mouth and throat to each other.

Question 3

Esophagus

Answer 3

A hollow, muscular tube that carries food and liquid from your throat to your stomach.

Muscles in the esophagus propel food down to the stomach.

Common symptoms of esophagus problems is heartburn, burning sensation in the middle of the chest.

Question 4

Stomach

Answer 4

A J shaped muscular, hollow organ part of the gastrointestinal tract.

Four regions : fundic, cardiac, body, and pyloric.

Holds food and mixes it with acid and enzymes that continue to break the food down and passes it to the small intestine.

Question 5

Small Intestine

Answer 5

Breaks down food, absorbs nutrients needed for the body and gets rid of the unnecessary components.

Longest part of the GI Tract.

Three parts.

Question 6

Duodenum

Answer 6

First part of the small intestine.

Located between the stomach and middle part of the small intestine (jejunum).

When food is mixed with stomach acids it passes down to the duodenum where it is mixed with bile (gallbladder) and digestive juices (pancreas).

Question 7

Jejunum

Answer 7

Second part of the small intestine.

Primary function is to absorb sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids.

Question 8

Ileum

Answer 8

Third part of the small intestine.

Absorbs remaining nutrients that did not get absorbed in the jejunum, such as vitamin B12 and bile acids that will go on to be recycled.

Question 9

Large Intestine

Answer 9

Responsible for processing indigestible food material (chyme) after most nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine.

4 parts: cecum and ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon and sigmoid colon.

Question 10

Colon

Answer 10

Longest part of the large intestine.

Receives almost completely digested food from the cecum, absorbs water and nutrients, and passes waste (stool or feces) to the rectum.

Question 11

Sigmoid Colon

Answer 11

Last part of the large intestine. Leads into the rectum.

Main function is to transport fecal matter from the descending colon to the rectum and anus.

Function is carried out with peristaltic waves that move content of the sigmoid colon.

Feces form in the descending and sigmoid colon and accumulate in the rectum before defecation.

Question 12

Rectum

Answer 12

Lower part of the large intestine that connects to the sigmoid colon.

Receives waste from the colon and stores it until it passes out of the body through the anus.

Question 13

Anus

Answer 13

Opens to let food waste come out at the end of its journey through your digestive tract.

Sphincter relaxes and pushes the stool from the rectum into the anal canal.

Question 14

Pancreas

Answer 14

Located inside your abdomen, just behind your stomach. Size of your hand.

Pancreas makes pancreatic juices called enzymes during digestion.

These enzymes break down sugars, fats, and starches.

Question 15

Gallbladder

Answer 15

A sac located under the liver. Stores and concentrates bile produced in the liver.

Bile aids in the digestion of fat and is released from the gallbladder into the upper small intestine in response to food.

Question 16

Appendix

Answer 16

A small, finger-shaped organ that comes out of the first part of the large intestine.

Needs to be removed when it becomes swollen or infected. If the appendix is not removed, it can leak bacteria and infect your entire belly, which can very life threatening.

Function is unknown.