Laboratory safety and regulations Flashcards
accidents can be traced directly to 2 primary causes:
unsafe acts
unsafe environmental conditions
better known as occupational safety and health act
public law-91-596
and it was enacted by
U.S. congress in 1970
goal of the federation
- provide all employees with a safe work environment
- conduct onsite inspection to determine whether an employer is complying with the mandatory standards
common fixative
10% formalin
For disinfection
10% bleach
ginagamit sa skin
detergent
neutralizer
detergent
29 CFR 1910 of bloodborne pathogens
1030
this plan must cover specific preventive measures including exposure evaluation, engineering controls, work practice controls and administrative oversight of the program
exposure control plan
basically an approach to infection control in which all human blood, tissue, and most fluids are handled as if known to be infectious for the human
universal precautions
29 CFR 1910 of Hazard Communication
1200
intended to ensure that the hazards of all chemicals used in the workplace have been evaluated and that this hazard information is successfully transmitted to employers and their employees who use the substances
OSHA’s toxic and hazardous substances
primary means of communication
proper labeling, MSDS, employee education
29 CFR 1910 of Occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories
1450
the second subpart to OSHA’s toxic and hazardous substances regulations
OSHA Lab Standard
address the shortcomings of the hazard communication standard
OSHA Lab Standard
the lab standard requires the appointment of
chemical hygiene officer
chemical hygiene plan
the chemical hygiene plan must detail
engineering controls, PPE, safe work practices, administrative controls, medical surveillance and consultation
CLSI
Clinical and laboratory Standards institute
NCCLS
national committee for clinical laboratory standards
provides excellent general laboratory safety and infection control guidelines in their documents GP17-A2 and M29-A3
CLSI
Accreditation:
TJC (JCAHO)
Commision on laboratory accreditation of the college of american pathologists
developed a standard hazard identification system (diamond-shaped, color-coded symbol)
NFPA
blue quadrant
health hazard
red quadrant
flammable hazard
yellow low quadrant
reactivity/stability hazard
white quadrant
other special information
sash not fully opened, are required to contain and expel noxious and hazardous fumes from chemical agents
Fume Hoods
the velocity of the face of the hood
100-120 feet
is also recommended to locate no flow or turbulent areas in the working space
smoking test
used for infectious biologic specimens
BSC
4 levels of biosafety
laboratory practices and techniques
safety equipments
laboratory facilities
should always be used to transport glass bottles of acids, alkali or organic solvents larger than 500 ml
safety carriers
may be used to store flammable materials
explosion-proof refrigerators
must be used at all times, and larger cylinders should be transported with valve caps on using handcarts
gas cylinder supports and clamps
alternative for people who have latex allergies
polyvinyl
offer a wide range of compatibility with organic solvents
Nitrile gloves
laboratory coats are made up of
liquid-resistant material
TB protection
HEPA (high efficiency particulate air)
is an essential component of infection control
washing
exposure control plan
TB
a proposed standard was issued by OSHA only to be withdrawn again when it was determined that existing CDC guidelines could be enforced by OSHA
29 CFR 1910,1035 Tuberculosis (1997)
CDC guidelines could be enforced by OSHA through
general duty
respiratory protection standard
Dangerous Goods regulations for
a. infectious substances
b. diagnostic specimens
was developed for employees who may be exposed to hazardous chemicals in the workplace
Hazard communication standard (august 1987)
right to know law, 29 CFR 1910. 1200
guidelines for handling hazardous chemicals
Occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories
(19 CFR 1910. 1450) “laboratory standard”
this plan provides procedures and work practices for regulating and redusing exposure of laboratory personnel
Chemical hygiene plan
substances that affect cellular development in a fetus
teratogens
effect from hazardous substances
deleterious effect (local or systemic) direct chemical action or interference acute or chronic
acetic acid is incompatible with
chromic acid and nitric acid
up-to-date inventory
shelf life
which are used numerous routine procedures are among the most hazardous chemicals
Flammabale and combustible liquids
flmmable liquid has a flashpoint of
below 37.8 degree celcius (100 degrees farenheit)
temperature at which sufficient vapor is given off to form an ignitable mixture with air
flash point
are injurious to skin
corrosive chemicals
types of corrosive chemicals
acids and bases
are substances under certain conditions, can spontanerously explode or ignite
Reactive chemicals
strong acids or bases react with water to generate heat
exothermic reactions
what causes explosion
peroxide (OA) + hydrogen (RA)
are substances that cancer causing agents
carcinogenic chemicals
oxidation of a combustible material or fuel with subsequent liberation of heat and light
chemical reaction
3 basic elements
heat, air ,fuel
