Laboratory Safety and Quality Assessment Flashcards by SHEKINAH MOLO

Safety Procedure Manuals is mandated by:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

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The Safety Procedure Manuals are updated _____ by the laboratory director

Annually

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The Safety Procedure Manuals are updated annually by the _____

Laboratory Director

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The _____ provides the guidelines for writing the procedures and policies in the Safety Procedure Manuals

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)

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List down the Infectious Agents

Bacteria
Fungi
Parasites
Viruses

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List down the Reservoir

Humans
Animals
Insects
Fomites
Blood/Body Fluids

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List down the Portal of Exit

Nose
Mouth
Mucous Membrane
Specimen Collection

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List down the Means of Transmission

Droplet
Airborne
Contact
Vector
Vehicle

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List down the Portal of Entry

Nose
Mouth
Mucous Membranes
Skin
Unsterile Equipment

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List down the Susceptible Host

Patients
Elderly
Newborns
Immunocompromised
Health-care Workers

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How to break the link for the Reservoir?

Disinfection
Hand Hygiene

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How to break the link for the Portal of Exit?

Sealed biohazardous waste containers
Sealed specimen containers
Hand Hygiene
Standard Precautions

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How to break the link for the Means of Transmission?

Hand Hygiene
Standard Precautions
PPE
Patient Isolation

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How to break the link for the Portal of Entry?

Hand Hygiene
Standard Precautions
PPE
Sterile Equipment

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How to break the link for the Susceptible Host?

Immunizations
Patient Isolation
Nursery Precautions
Healthy Lifestyle

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States that all patients are considered to be possible carriers of bloodborne pathogens

Universal Precautions (UP)

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Universal Precaution guideline recommends _____ and _____

Wearing gloves
Wearing face shields

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The CDC excluded _____ and _____ not visibly contaminated by blood from UP

Urine
Body Fluids

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Major disadvantage of BSI guidelines

Do not recommend handwashing after removing gloves

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In _____, the CDC and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) combined the major features of UP and BSI Guidelines and called the new Guidelines Standard Precautions.

1996

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In 1996, the _____ and _____ combined the major features of UP and BSI Guidelines and called the new Guidelines Standard Precautions.

CDC
HICPAC

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In 1996, the CDC and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) combined the major features of_____ and _____ and called the new Guidelines Standard Precautions.

UP
BSI

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In 1996, the CDC and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) combined the major features of UP and BSI Guidelines and called the new Guidelines _____.

Standard Precautions

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Standard Precautions are as follows:

Hand Hygiene
Gloves
Mouth, Nose, and Eye Protection
Gown
Patient Care Equipment
Environmental Control
Linen
Occupational Health and Blood-borne Pathogens
Patient Placement
Respiratory Hygiene/Cough Etiquette

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PPE used in the laboratory includes:

Gloves Fluid-resistant Gowns Eye and Face Shields Plexiglas Countertop Shields

Wearing gloves is not a substitute for _____

Hand Hygiene

Wearing _____ is not a substitute for hand hygiene.

Gloves

Hand hygiene includes _____ and _____

Hand Washing Using Alcohol Based Antiseptic Cleaners

All biologic waste, except _____, must be placed in appropriate containers labeled with the biohazard symbol

Urine

Empty urine containers can be discarded as _____

Non-biologically Hazardous Waste

Urine may be discarded by _____

Pouring it into a laboratory sink under a Plexiglas Countertop Shield

Disinfection of the sink using a _____ or _____ dilution of sodium hypochlorite should be performed daily.

1:5 or 1:10

Disinfection of the sink using a 1:5 or 1:10 dilution of _____ should be performed daily.

Sodium hypochlorite

Disinfection of the sink using a 1:5 or 1:10 dilution of sodium hypochlorite should be performed _____.

Daily

Sharp objects in the laboratory includes:

Needles Lancets Broken Glassware

All sharp objects must be disposed in _____, _____ with the biohazard symbol

Puncture-resistant Leak-proof

True or False Every chemical in the workplace should be presumed hazardous.

True

For chemical spills and exposures, when a skin contact occurs, the best first aid is to _____ then _____

Flush the area with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes Seek medical attention

Hazardous chemicals should be labeled with a description of their particular hazard, such as:

Poisonous Corrosive Flammable Explosive Teratogenic Carcinogenic

The _____ requires that all employees have a right to know about all chemical hazards present in their workplace.

OSHA Federal Hazard Communication Standard

The information about chemical hazards present in their workplace of an employee is provided in the form of _____ on file in the workplace

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)

Information contained in an MSDS includes the following:

1. Physical and chemical characteristics 2. Fire and explosion potential 3. Reactivity potential 4. Health hazards and emergency first aid procedures 5. Methods for safe handling and disposal 6. Primary routes of entry 7. Exposure limits and carcinogenic potential

Refers to the overall process of guaranteeing quality patient care and is regulated throughout the total testing system.

Quality Assessment

Refers to all of the laboratory’s policies, processes, procedures, and resources needed to achieve quality testing.

Quality System

Quality assessment program includes not only testing controls, referred to as quality control (QC), but also encompasses:

Preexamination Variables Examination Variables Postexamination Variables

A variable that occur before the actual testing

Preexamination Variables

These variables are the processes that directly affect the testing of specimens.

Examination Variables

True or False Reagent strips must be refrigerated, and must be recapped immediately after removing each strip.

False Reagent strips must be NEVER be refrigerated, and must be recapped immediately after removing each strip.

Frequently encountered instruments in the laboratory:

Refractometers Osmometers Automated Reagent Strip Readers Automated Microscopy Instruments

Common equipment in the laboratory:

Refrigerators Centrifuges Microscopes Water Baths

Temperatures of refrigerators and water baths should be taken _____ and recorded

Daily

The calibration of cetrifuges must be done _____ and the appropriate relative centrifugal force for each setting is recorded

Every 3 months

Centrifuges are routinely disinfected on a _____

Weekly basis

Refers to the materials, procedures, and techniques that monitor the accuracy, precision, and reliability of a laboratory test.

Quality Control

Quality Control refers to the _____, _____, and _____ that monitor the accuracy, precision, and reliability of a laboratory test.

Materials Procedures Techniques

Quality Control refers to the materials, procedures, and techniques that monitor the _____, _____, and _____ of a laboratory test.

Accuracy Precision Reliability

_____ are performed to ensure that acceptable standards are met during the process of patient testing.

QC Procedures

Used to verify the accuracy and precision of a test and are exposed to the same conditions as the patient samples.

External Quality Control

The ability to maintain both precision and accuracy.

Reliability

Reliability is the ability to maintain both _____ and _____

Precision Accuracy

Consists of internal monitoring systems built in to the test system

Internal Quality Control

Internal Quality Control is also called _____

Internal or Procedural Controls

Uses a mechanical or electrical device in place of a liquid QC specimen

Electronic Controls

Can be internal or an external component inserted into a point of care (POC) instrument.

Electronic Controls

Verifies the functional ability of a testing device but it does not verify the integrity of the testing supplies.

Electronic Controls

True or False Electronic Controls verifies the functional ability of a testing device and verify the integrity of the testing supplies.

False Electronic Controls verifies the functional ability of a testing device BUT IT DOES NOT verify the integrity of the testing supplies.

The testing of unknown samples received from an outside agency, and provides unbiased validation of the quality of patient test results.

Proficiency Testing (External Quality Assessment)

The _____ mandates comparison testing for laboratory accreditation.

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)

Are processes that affect the reporting of results and correct interpretation of data

Postexamination Variables