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PMLS WEEK 2-5 > LABORATORY HAZARDS > Flashcards

LABORATORY HAZARDS Flashcards

1
Q

What are the types of safety hazards

A

Biological
Sharps
Chemical
Radioactive
Electrical
Radioactive
Electrical
Fire/Explosive
Physical

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2
Q

What is the sequence in chain of infection

A

Means of transmission
PORTAL OF ENTRY
SUSCEPTIBLE HOST
INFECTIOUS AGENT
RESERVOIR
PORTAL OF EXIT

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3
Q

What is OSHA

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

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3
Q

what is CDC

A

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

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4
Q

Not limited to blood born pathogens

All body fluids and moist body substances are possibly infectious

A

Body Substance Isolation (BSI)

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5
Q

Patients are considered as possible carriers of bloodborne pathogens

A

Universal Precautions (UP) - 1987

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6
Q

Excluded urine and other body fluids not visibly contaminated by blood

A

Universal Precautions (UP) - 1987

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7
Q

Combination of UP and BSI guidelines

A

Standard Precaution

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8
Q

Standard precaution

A

HAND HYGIENE
GLOVES
MOUTH, NOSE AND EYE PROTECTIONS
GOWN

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9
Q

What is DONNING OF PPE

A

Gown
Mask
Goggles
Gloves

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10
Q

Biologic waste disposal

A

Place all specimen (except urine) in a container with biohazard symbol

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10
Q

What if DOFFING of PPE

A

Gloves
Gown
Goggles
Mask

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11
Q

Handwashing Procedure:

A
  1. Wet your hands with clean, running water (warm or cold), turn off the tap, apply soap
  2. Lather your hands by rubbing them together with the soap. Be sure to lather the backs of your hands, between your finger, and under your nails.
  3. Scrub your hands for at least 20 seconds. Need timer? Hum the “Happy Birthday” song from begging to end twice
  4. Rinse your hands in a downward under clean, running water.
  5. Dry your hands using a clean towel or air dry them. Turn of faucet with clean paper towel
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12
Q
  • Biologic waste should be: incinerated, autoclaved, or picked up by a licensed disposal company
A

Biologic waste disposal

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12
Q

Needles, lancets, broken glassware

Possible injury: cuts, puncture, or blood borne exposure

A

SHARP HAZARDS

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12
Q

Chemical Spills and Exposure

A
  1. If there’s skin contact – flush the area with large amount of water for at least 15 minutes, then seek medical attention
  2. Remove contaminated clothing
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13
Q

Disposable sharp objects in puncture resistant containers with biohazard symbol

A

SHARP HAZARDS

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14
Q

Discard urine in the sink, then flush with water, disinfect the sink (using 1:5 or 1:10 dilution of sodium hypochlorite) daily

A

Biologic waste disposal

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15
Q

NFPA Hazard diamond

A

Chemical Labeling National Fire Protection Association (NFPA 704)

15
Q

Provides immediate general sense of hazards as they relate to emergency response

A number rating system of 0-4 is provided to rate each of the four hazards

A

Chemical Labeling National Fire Protection Association (NFPA 704)

16
Q

examples of health hazard

A

4 - DEADLY
3 - EXTREME DANGER
2 - HAZARDOUS
1 - SLIGHTLY HAZARDOUS
0 - NORMAL MATERIAL

16
Q

examples of specific hazard

A

ACID
ALKALI
CORROSIVE
OXIDISER
RADIATION HAZARD
USE NO WATER

17
Q

examples of fire hazard

A

4 - below 73 °F
3 - Below 100°F
2 - Below 200°F
1 - Above 200°F
0 - will not burn

18
Q

examples of instability hazard

A

4 - May detonate
3 - Shock and health may detonate
2 - Violent chemical change
1 - unstable if healed
0 - stable

18
Q

(MSDS)

A

Material Safety Data Sheets

19
Q

RADIOACTIVE HAZARDS

A
  • Radioisotopes are used in the procedure
  • The amount of radioactivity present in the laboratory is very small and not dangerous, however the effects of radiation are cumulative related to the amount of exposure
  • Persons exposed to radioactive hazards are requires to wear a film badge
19
Q

Information included in an MSDS:

A

a. Physical and Chemical Characteristics
b. Fire and explosion potential
c. Reactivity potential d. Health hazards
e. Routes of entry
f. Methods of safe handling & disposal
g. Exposure limit & carcinogenic potential

19
Q

A document required by OSHA detailing safety information about each hazardous substance

A

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

20
Q

ELECTRICAL HAZARDS

A

Physical harm from laboratory shocks or burns when a person comes into contact with an electrical sources

Dangers from fire caused by heat and sparks generated by malfunctioning wiring or equipment

21
Q

Recommended safeguards from NFPA

A
  1. Extension cords/ outlet adapters should not be used
  2. Equipment should not be operated with wet hands.
  3. Report dangerous conditions such as frayed cords and overloaded circuits to the appropriate persons
  4. Circuit breakers should be labeled and conveniently located
  5. Electrical equipment should not be used in areas with flammable materials
  6. There should be constant electrical safety checks.
22
Q

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

A
  • Avoid running in the work place
  • Watch for wet floors
  • Keep long hair pulled back
  • Avoid dangling jewelry
  • Use closed-toe shoes
23
Q

FIRE/EXPLOSIVE HAZARDS

A
  • three elements: heat, fuel, and an oxidizing agent (usually oxygen).
  • prevented or extinguished by removing any one of them.
  • A fire naturally occurs when the elements are combined in the right mixture.
24
Q

Types of Fire and Fire Extinguishers:

Type: Common materials wood, paper, clothing

Extinguisher: Water

A

Class fire: A

24
Q

FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

A

A. Halon - liquefied, compressed gas
B. A – pressurized water
C. BC – carbon dioxide
D. ABC – dry chemicals

25
Q

Types of Fire and Fire Extinguishers:

Type: flammable organic chem.. Gas , alcohol , solvent

Extinguisher: dry chem.,CO2 , foam, halon

A

Class fire: B

26
Q

Types of Fire and Fire Extinguishers:

Type: electrical

Extinguisher: dry chem.,CO2 , halon

A

Class fire: C

27
Q

Types of Fire and Fire Extinguishers:

Type: combustible chemicals/ metals

Extinguisher: sand or dry powder

A

Class fire: D

28
Q

Types of Fire and Fire Extinguishers:

Type: grease oils, fats

Extinguisher: liquids designed to prevent splashing & cool the fire

A

Class fire: K

29
Q

FIRE/EXPLOSIVE HAZARDS

WHAT ARE THE three elements

A

three elements: heat, fuel, and an oxidizing agent (usually oxygen).

30
Q

A fire naturally occurs when the elements are combined in the right mixture.

A

FIRE/EXPLOSIVE HAZARDS

31
Q

prevented or extinguished by removing any one of them.

A

FIRE/EXPLOSIVE HAZARDS

32
Q

RACE

A

RESCUE
ALARM
CONTAIN
EXTINGUISH

33
Q

PASS

A

PULL
AIM
SQUEEZE
SWEEP

34
Q

FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
dry chemicals

A

ABC – dry chemicals

35
Q

FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
pressurized water

A

A – pressurized water

36
Q

FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
carbon dioxide

A

BC – carbon dioxide

PMLS WEEK 2-5 (6 decks)

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