Laboratory dianosis of urinary disease Flashcards
How do you measure GFR?
By measuring the renal clearance of a substance that is non-protein bound and is neither actively secreted or absorbed by the kidneys.
What is azotaemia?
An increase in the non protein nitrogenous compounds in the blood.
What is uraemia?
This it the combination of azotaemia and its subsequent clinical signs. If your uraemic you are azotaemic .. but if you are azotaemic you are not necessarily uraemic.
What is the definition of renal failure?
Biochemical abnormalities as a result of reduced renal function
What is important to note about renal function in terms of nephrons?
Decrease in function is a result of decreasing function nephrons not decreased function of individual nephrons.
How is Urea filtered by the kidney?
passively
Urea can be found excreted in another bodily fluid.. what is this?
saliva
What equilibriates in the body quicker? Urea or creatinine?
Urea
How can you tell abdominal effusion is urine?
Very high urea and creatinine concentrations?
Why is creatinine a better indicator of urine abdominal effusion?
It takes a lot longer to reach equilibrium so stays in the cavity for a lot longer than urea
What is creatinine testing not very sensitive for renal disease?
a lot of renal function must be lost to get rise in plasma creatinine up to 3/4 kidney function in the dog.
What is the typical cause of pre renal azotemia?
severe dehydration
How can Urine specific gravity help diagnose form of azotemia?
A high urine specific gravity shows a very concentrate urine so suggests dehydration
What is the healthy Urine specific gravity range?
1.001-1.065 but up to 1.080 in cats
If you find increased serum/plasma levels of urea and creatinine but low USG levels what kind of azotaemia does this indicate?
Renal
