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Mycology and Virology > Laboratory: Diagnostic Virology > Flashcards

Laboratory: Diagnostic Virology Flashcards

1
Q

Purposes of Viral Laboratory Studies

A

Confirm the diagnosis by identifying the viral agent of infection
Define the disease process
Monitor the disease epidemiologically
Educate physicians and patients

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2
Q

Commonly used swab

A

Dacron or rayon

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3
Q

Inhibit the replication of some viruses & interfere NAAT

A

Calcium alginate swabs

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4
Q

At what temperature does VTM form ice crystals?

A

-20 degrees Celsius

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5
Q

Ideal temperature of VTM when delayed for 4-7 days?

A

-70 degrees Celsius

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6
Q

Antibacterial and antifungal agents are added to
transport systems to?

A

Inhibit contaminating microorganisms

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7
Q

Samples that should be collected without viral transport
media include:

A

Blood, bone marrow, CSF, amniotic fluid, urine, pericardial fluid, and pleural fluid

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8
Q

In collecting BAL, saline is injected in?

A

Subsegmental bronchus

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9
Q

In collecting BW, saline is injected in?

A

Segmental bronchus

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10
Q

In collecting buccal swab, _ gland is massaged for _ seconds and swab is performed at the buccal mucosa near _

A

Parotid
30
Stensen’s duct

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11
Q

1st swab in cervical swab is for removing _ and is discarded

A

Cervical mucus/exudates

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12
Q

2nd swab in cervical swab is used to collect _

A

Epithelial cells

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13
Q

CSF is collected at least _ mL into a sterile container

A

2 mL

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14
Q

Swab used for conjunctiva is moistened with?

A

Sterile physiologic saline

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15
Q

In collecting lesions swab, you should select _ lesion with _ fluid and clean exterior with _

A

Non-crusted
Clear
Sterile saline

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16
Q

Fluid from lesions can be aspirated with _

A

26-30 gauge tuberculin needle

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17
Q

Number of virions shed from the lesion decreases
dramatically each day after the lesion manifests. True or False?

A

True

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18
Q

In NP swab, a swab with _ is inserted into _ nasopharynx

A

Flexible metal shaft
Posterior

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19
Q

In rectal swab, use of _ is not encouraged

A

Lubricant

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20
Q

What type of swab is preferred in stool and rectal swab?

A

Culturette swab

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21
Q

Diagnostic method with excellent sensitivity and specificity

A

Molecular diagnostics

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22
Q

Diagnostic method with maximum specificity

A

Culture

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23
Q

Diagnostic method characterized by its speed of diagnosis

A

Antigen detection

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24
Q

Diagnostic method that assesses immunity

A

Serology

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25
Q

Not sensitive as culture methods; offer quick results to allow for rapid therapy

A

Direct Viral Detection

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26
Q

What type of microscope is used in DVD?

A

Electron microscope

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27
Q

In immunologic Detection of Viral Antigen, what assay is used?

A

Enzyme immunoassay

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28
Q

Rarely used in clinical laboratories; suitable for large teaching or research institutions

A

Electron Microscopy

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29
Q

Used to visualize inclusion bodies; observes cytopathic effect (CPE) in cell cultures

A

Bright field Light Microscopy

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30
Q

Dense aggregates of stainable substances of viruses, usually proteins; produced due to developmental / maturation process of virus or in some viruses seen only after viral multiplication

A

Inclusion Bodies

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31
Q

Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in Rabies

A

Negri bodies

32
Q

Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in Smallpox

A

Guarnieri bodies

33
Q

Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in Fowl pox

A

Bollinger bodies

34
Q

Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in Mollascum contagiosum

A

Henderson-Peterson bodies

35
Q

Guarnieri bodies are also known as?

A

Paschen bodies

36
Q

Herpes simplex and VZV is classified as what type?

A

Cowdry Type A

37
Q

Infection with poliovirus is classified as what type?

A

Cowdry Type B

38
Q

Herpes simplex and VZV has what intranuclear inclusion?

A

Lipschutz inclusions

39
Q

Yellow fever has what intranuclear inclusion?

A

Torres Bodies

40
Q

Measles has what kind of inclusion?

A

Warthin-Finkeldey bodies

41
Q

CMV has what kind of appearance?

A

Owl’s eye

42
Q

Cells from a patient are fixed to a microscope slide; fluorescence-labeled antibodies are added

A

Immunofluorescence Microscopy (DFA Assays)

43
Q

Positive reaction in DFA assays

A

Labeled antibody will bind and fluoresce

44
Q

These assays enable the diagnosis of some viruses within 10-30 minutes

A

Rapid Antigen Assays

45
Q

Obtained from animal tissue

A

Primary Cell Cultures

46
Q

Cell lines can divide; diploid cells

A

Finite Cell Cultures

47
Q

Capable of infinite passage; heteroploid

A

Continuous Cell Cultures

48
Q

Cell culture with greater sensitivity

A

Mixed Cells Culture

49
Q

PMK cells means?

A

Primary Monkey Kidney cells

50
Q

PMK cells are under what type of cell culture?

A

Primary Cell Cultures

51
Q

Human neonatal lung cells are under what type of cell culture?

A

Finite Cell Cultures

52
Q

Hep2, A549 and Vero are under what type of cell culture?

A

Continuous Cell Cultures

53
Q

What virus reacts positively with rabbit kidney?

A

Herpes simplex virus

54
Q

All viruses have positive reaction with what cell culture?

A

Human diploid fibroblasts (HDF)

55
Q

Herpes simplex virus only reacts negatively with?

A

Primary monkey kidney cells

56
Q

CMV only reacts positively with?

A

HDF

57
Q

Enterovirus and Adenovirus only reacts negatively with?

A

Rabbit kidney

58
Q

CPE of Herpes simplex virus

A

Large rounded cells

59
Q

CPE of CMV

A

Large rounded cells

60
Q

CPE of VZV

A

Foci or rounded cells; possible synctia

61
Q

CPE of Enterovirus

A

Refractile; round cells in clusters

62
Q

CPE of Adenovirus

A

Large rounded cells in clusters

63
Q

CPE of Respiratory synctial virus

A

Synctia

64
Q

CPE of Influenza, parafluenza

A

Variable - none to to granular appearance

65
Q

Most commonly used in virus cultivation

A

Rabbit
Guinea pig
Mouse
Rat

66
Q

Certain _ viruses require _ for isolation of the virus

A

Coxsackie A
Suckling mice

67
Q

Rarely used for virus cultivation

A

Embryonated eggs

68
Q

Modified cell culture; rapid detection of viruses in vitro

A

Centrifugation-Enhanced Shell Vial Culture

69
Q

Morphological change produced by the virus in the cell line

A

Cytopathic Effect (CPE)

70
Q

Growth of the first virus inhibit by the second virus

A

Viral Interference

71
Q

DFA assays uses _ counterstain that can be seen as _ fluorescence in the background

A

Evans Blue
Red

72
Q

Green fluorescence indicated what in DFA assays?

A

Antigen is detected

73
Q

Utilizes PCR or nucleic acid probes

A

Viral Genes Detection

74
Q

Detects circulating antibodies to viruses after exposure.

A

Serologic Assays

75
Q

Serologic assays directly detects the virus rather than measure the host response. True or False?

A

False, serological assays measure the host response rather than detecting the virus

Mycology and Virology (3 decks)

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