Labor analgesia

Question 1

What are types of pharmacological labor analgesia?

Answer 1

Inhalational analgesia
Systemic opioids: pethidine, morphine
Regional analgesia
Nerve block
Paracervical block
Infiltration anesthesia
General anesthesia

Question 2

What are types of non-pharmacological labor analgesia?

Answer 2

Childbirth preparation classes
Continuous emotional support
Mobility during labor
Breathing techniques
Hydrotherapy
Aromatherapy
Acupuncture

Question 3

What is the most commonly used pharmacological labor analgesia in Norway?

Answer 3

Laughing gas (N2O).

Question 4

In what stage of labor is laughing gas used?

Answer 4

It is only effective in the first stage of labor.

Question 5

What is the most effective pain relief in labor?

Answer 5

Epidural analgesia.

Question 6

What is the effect of combination low doses of epidural analgesia?

Answer 6

Analgesia without significant reduction in muscle power and sense of touch.

Question 7

What are the effects on the unborn/newborn child of ropicavain epidural?

Answer 7

The are no documented (adverse) effects.

Question 8

What are indication for use of spinal or epidural ephedrine anesthesia? How is it used during pregnancy?

Answer 8

Hypotension. It increases the release of norepinephrine, and has a weak agonistic effect in alpha and beta receptors.

In pregnancy: Short-term use in emergency situations.

Question 9

When is spinal anesthesia used in labor?

Answer 9

Forceps delivery.
Elective or emergency C-section.
Manual removal of placenta.
Trauma to birth canal - repair of third degree tear.