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Bio 121 lab > lab1 > Flashcards

lab1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q
  1. blue-green algae phylum is _______
  2. Our model organism is ______
  3. It’s troph type is _____
  4. it’s cellular type is ________
  5. It’s habitat is _______
  6. It obtains energy from ________
  7. Sessile or motile? Motile how?
  8. reproduction is ________
  9. Some adaptations are ________
  10. Some friends are _________
A
  1. Cyanobacteria
  2. Anabaena
  3. Autotrophic
  4. colonial
  5. freshwater
  6. sunlight (using photosynthetic pigments which are attached to thylakoids)
  7. sessile
  8. asexual by fragmentation
  9. Secreting a gelatinous sheath to hold cells together
  10. gloeocapsa, spirulina, oscillatoria, nostoc, fischerella
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2
Q
  1. Bifidobacterium phylum is _______
  2. Our model organism is ______
  3. It’s troph type is _____
  4. it’s cellular type is ________
  5. It’s habitat is _______
  6. It obtains energy from ________
  7. Sessile or motile? Motile how?
  8. reproduction is ________
  9. Some adaptations are ________
  10. Some friends are _________
A
  1. Actinobacteria
  2. Bifidobacterium lactis
  3. saprotrophs (heterotroph which uses extacellular digestion)
  4. unicellular
  5. human digestive tract
  6. the environment by breaking down food externally (non-living material)
  7. sessile
  8. (Can someone find this out and message me)
  9. a thick capsule that coats their cell wall and protects them (allowing them to survive in the digestive tract)
  10. streptococcus, lactobacillus
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3
Q
  1. Halobacterium phylum is _______
  2. Our model organism is ______
  3. It’s troph type is _____
  4. it’s cellular type is ________
  5. It’s habitat is _______
  6. It obtains energy from ________
  7. Sessile or motile? Motile how?
  8. reproduction is ________
  9. Some adaptations are ________
  10. Some friends are _________
A
  1. Euryarchaeota
  2. Halobacterium
  3. photoheterotroph (heterotrophic and light capturing)
  4. unicellular
  5. extremely saline water
  6. Uses bacteriorhodpsin to produce ATP from sunlight
  7. Motile, by flagellum and gas vesicles which allow it to float to the surface where there’s more light
  8. (Someone look this up for me)
  9. Pumping salt into the cell, making it isotonic, so water won’t want to leave
  10. Halococcus, Methanomonas

also they have halohordopsin and bacteriorhodopsin
They’re also red

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4
Q

What defines Prokaryotes

A

No membrane-bound organelles, such as nuclei chloroplast and mitochondria

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5
Q

When did prokaryotics originate

A

3.8 biliion years ago

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6
Q

What does the cell membrane do

A

encloses cytoplasm

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7
Q

What is a nucleoid

A

single circular chromosome

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8
Q

A cell wall is surrounded by

A

a mucilaginous capsule (i’m not sure if this is all the time)

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9
Q

What are fimbriae

A

fine hairlike extensions, they attach to surfaces

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10
Q

what are pili

A

longer extensions, used to transfer or exchange DNA during conjugation

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11
Q

What is peptidoglycan made of

A

chain of sugars and amino acids

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12
Q

Two characteristics of gram positive bacteria

A

thick layer of peptidoglycan, stain purple

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13
Q

pathogenic definition

A

cause disease to the host

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14
Q

What bacteria are often pathogenic

A

gram positive

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15
Q

Fungi

A

eukaryotic organisms which grow in strands or filaments called hyphae

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16
Q

Actinobacteria fun facts

A

They are Gram positive

most known for producing compounds with antibiotic or antifungal properties

17
Q

Name for comma shaped bacteria

A

vibrio

18
Q

Name for spiral and flexible bacteria

A

spirochoate

19
Q

Name for spiral and rigid bacteria

A

spirillum

20
Q

bacteria chains held together by

A

a gelatinous matrix

21
Q

heterotroph definition

A

cannot produce all the organic molecules it needs

22
Q

saprotroph definition

A

heterotroph which uses extracellular dlgestion to break down non living organic material

23
Q

Bifidobacterium is probiotic because

A

it survives in the digestive system and promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria within the intestine

24
Q

autotroph definition

A

organisms which can produce their own energy rich organic molecules

25
Q

thylakoids

A

infolded membranes

26
Q

gelatinous sheath functions

A

holds cells together

protects from predation and other factors

27
Q

heterocyst definition

A

fix it’s own nitrogen for the organism

28
Q

archaea fun facts (3)

A

cell walls and cell membrane different from orther organisms
allows them to be much more resistant to damage by heat or extremes,(high saline, alkaline or acidic, cold temperatures)
none known to be pathogenic

29
Q

halorhodospin is a

A

light-driven chloride pump that maintains a high salt concentration within the organism

30
Q

bacteriorhodopsin does what

A

uses energy from sunlight to create a proton gradient by pumping protons out of the cell
protons flow back in and ATP synthase creates ATP

31
Q

photoheterotroph means an organism is _______

A

both heterotrophic and light-capturing

Bio 121 lab (8 decks)

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