Lab Values, Tube Order, formulas- need to know these! Flashcards
Normal Hemoglobin (Hgb) range?
12-15
Normal Hematocrit (Hct) range?
36-45%
Normal WBC range?
5000-10000
Normal Platelet (Plts) range?
150,000-400,000
Normal Neutrophil % range?
54-62%
Normal Lymphocyte % range?
25-33%
Normal Monocytes % range?
3-7%
Normal Eosinophils % range?
1-3%
Normal Basophils % range?
Less than 1%
Mild Neutropenia range?
ANC 1000 - 1500
Moderate Neutropenia range?
ANC 500 - 1000
Severe Neutropenia below?
ANC less than 500
Normal RBC range?
4-5.5
Normal Reticulocyte % range?
0.5 - 2%
Normal Reticulocyte Index (RPI)?
2.0-3.0
Normal pH in ABG?
7.35-7.45
Normal paCO2 in ABG?
35-45
Normal paO2 in ABG?
80-100
Normal HCO3- in ABG?
22-26
Normal SaO2 in ABG
95-100%
Normal Serum Sodium Na+ range?
135-145
Serum Sodium critical ranges?
Below 120, Above 160
Normal Serum Potassium K+ range?
3.5-5
Serum Potassium critical ranges?
Less than 3.0, Greater than 6.1
Normal Chloride Cl- range?
90-110
Chloride critical values?
Less than 80, Greater than 115
Normal CO2 in BMP range?
25-30
CO2 in BMP critical values?
Less than 10, Greater than 40
Normal BUN in BMP range?
10-20
BUN in BMP critical value?
Above 100
Normal Creatinine in BMP values?
0.5-1.2
Creatinine in BMP critical value?
Greater than 4.0
Normal random and fasting Glucose in BMP ranges?
Random=less than 200; Fasting=70-110
Glucose in BMP critical values?
Less than 50, Greater than 450
Normal Calcium Ca++ BMP range?
9.0-10.5
Calcium Ca++ in BMP critical ranges?
Less than 6.0, Greater than 13
Draw out the CBC fishbone without numbers but with the tests.
Draw out the CBC fishbone with values
Fill in the blanks with just 3 letter abbreviations.
Draw out the BMP fishbone without tests
Draw out the BMP fishbone with test names
Draw out BMP fishbone with values
What are the ABG tests in “slash format”?
Write out the values for ABG in “slash format”
Normal MCV range?
80-100
Normal MCH range?
27-34
Normal MCHC range?
33-35
AST:ALT>2:1 indicative of what disease?
indicative of alcoholic liver disease
BUN:Cr> 10-20:1 indicatitve of what?
dehydration
What is the color order for tube tops?
- Light Blue, 2. SST/Gold/Tiger, 3. Red, 4. Green, 5. Lavender/Pink
Order of 5 colored tubes to draw
- light blue (additive is citrate for coags), 2. SST/Gold/Tiger (stimulates cell to clot and separates serum and cell), 3. Red (no additives, chemistries), 4. Green (additive is heparin, for anticoag tests and sometimes cardiac enzymes), 5. lavender/purple/pink (additive is EDTA, CBC and hematology studies)
What is the Light Blue top additive, test, and order number?
1 Additive is citrate for anti-coags
SST/Gold/Tiger additive, test, and order number?
- Stimulates cell to clot and separates serum and cell.
What is Red Tube top additive, test, and order number?
- Red (no additives, for CBC and chemistries)
What is Green Tube top additive, test, and order number?
- Green (heparin, for anticoag tests and sometimes cardiac enzymes)
What is Lavender/Purple/Pink Tube top additive, test, and order number?
- Lavender/Purple/Pink (additive is EDTA, CBC and hematology studies like ESR)
What is the difference between Serum and Plasma? (Hint: what does Plasma have that Serum doesn’t and color?)
Plasma=Has clotting factors, cloudy.
Serum=No clotting factors, clear.
What is “Type and Screen”?
Looks at PT’s cells (Type) and serum (Screen). ABO and Rh on cell for Type. Antibody screen for antibodies in serum for Screen.
What is Crossmatch?
Done outside body before transfuse. Mixing donor blood with PT’s serum to check for antibodies in recipient’s and seeing if they clot.
Which color top for CBCs? What additive?
Lavender/Purple/Pink (additive is EDTA, CBC and hematology studies)
MCV (mean corpuscular volume) determine what about the RBC and anemia?
Size of cell. Anemia by size.
What are the three MCV size terms and values?
Normocytic = MCV 80-100
Macrocytic = MCV >100
Microcytic = MCV <80
What is MCH – mean corpuscular hemoglobin
Average content of Hgb per RBC
MCHC – mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
Mean content of total Hgb. Looks at color.
Low MCHC = hypochromic
High MCHC = hyperchromic
What is the Anion Gap formula?
(Na + K)-(Cl + HCO3). Reference range=3-11
RBC 3.3, Hgb 9, Hct 27, MCH 22.6, MCHC 31.4, MCV 69.7, WBC 4.5
Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia. Microcytic as MCV 69.7 is microcytic (80-100), Hypochromic as MCH 22.5 (27-34) and MCHC 31.4 (33-35), RBC is anemic 3.3 (4-5.5).
RBC 2.9, Hgb 10.6, Hct 31.6, MCH 35.0, MCHC 33.7, MCV 117.6, WBC 3.5
Macrocytic Normochromic Anemia. Macrocytic as MCV 117.6 (80-100), Normochromic as MCH 35.0 (27-34) and MCHC 33.7 (33-35), Anemic as RBC 2.9 (4-5.5)
RBC 2.9, Hgb 9.2, Hct 27.8, MCH 28.0, MCHC 34.7, MCV 87.6, WBC 4.5
Normochromic Normocytic Anemia. Normochromic MCH 28.0 (27-34) and MCHC 34.7 (33-35), Normocytic MCV 87.6 (80-100), Anemic as RBC 2.9 (4-5.5).
RBC 2.9, Hgb 9.2, Hct 27.8, MCH 28.0, MCHC 34.7, MCV 87.6, WBC 3.1, Plts 88
Pancytopenia, low WBC, low RBC, low Ptl.
RBC 4.5, Hgb 14.0, Hct 42.2, MCH 29.6, MCHC 34.8, MCV 90.2, WBC 16.5 Neutrophils 75%, Lymphocytes 19%, Monocytes 5%, Eosinophils 1%, Basophils 0%
Neutrophil line is elevated. Bacterial infection.
RBC 4.5, Hgb 14.0, Hct 42.2, MCH 29.6, MCHC 34.8, MCV 90.2, WBC 13.1, Neutrophils 53%, Lymphocytes 38%, Monocytes 7%, Eosinophils 2%, Basophils 0%
WBC is high. Diff is elevated. Lymphocytes are elevated=viral
RBC 4.5, Hgb 14.0, Hct 42.2, MCH 29.6, MCHC 34.8, MCV 90.2, WBC 13.1, Neutrophils 53%, Lymphocytes 25%, Monocytes 7%, Eosinophils 15%, Basophils 0%
Increased Eosinophil. Parasitic or allergic.
What might the CBC of a dehydrated PT look like?
Decrease plasma. Falsely elevated RBC and H and H.
What three values are low in Pancytopenia?
Low RBC, low WBC, low Ptl. Consider a bone marrow test.
