Lab values

Question 1

WBC

Answer 1

5.2 12.4

Increase: corticosteroids, heparin, beta agonists, epinephrine

Decrease: diuretics, antihisatmines, captopril, anticonvulsants, CLOZAPINE

Question 2

RBC

Answer 2

Female: 4.2 - 5.4
Male: 4.6 - 6.2

Increase: Erythropoietin, Fe+ supplements

Decrease: Aspirin, indomethacin, rifampin

Question 3

HGB

Answer 3

12 - 16 (delivers oxygen to tissue)

Increase: Erythropoietin, Fe+ supplements

Decrease: Aspirin, indomethacin, rifampin

Question 4

HCT

Answer 4

Volume of RBC compared to total blood volume (RBC and plasma)

Female: 37 - 47
Male: 40 - 54

Increase: Erythropoietin, Iron supplements

Decrease: Aspirin

Question 5

MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume)

MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin)

MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration)

Answer 5

MCV: tells SIZE of RBC (80-100)

MCH: tells AMOUNT of hemoglobin per RBC (27-33)

MCHC: tells CONCENTRATION of hemoglobin in a given volume of RBCs (32-35%)

Increase can mean folic acid deficiency, B12 deficiency, leukemias (same as increased MCHC)

Decrease can mean iron deficiency anemia

Question 6

PLT

Answer 6

130,000 - 400,000

Increase: steroids, IgG, immunosuppresants

Decrease: aspirin, statins, ranitidine, vancomycin, valproic acid, phenytoin, piperacillin, PNC, omeprazole, nitroglycerin

Question 7

Calcium

Answer 7

8.6 - 10 mg/dL

Question 8

Chloride

Answer 8

95 - 105

High or Low = look respiratory, metabolic

Question 9

Glucose

Answer 9

60 - 110 mg/dL

High = diabet,c steroids?

Question 10

Potassium

Answer 10

3.5 - 5.1

High or Low = cardiac
Low = respiratory

Question 11

Sodium

Answer 11

135 - 145 mEq/L

High is Dry
Low is seizures, coma

Question 12

BUN

Answer 12

7 - 24

High is Dry
High - look at creatinine

Question 13

Creatinine

Answer 13

Male: 0.7 - 1.3 mg/dL
Female: 0.5 - 1.1 mg/dL

Low = liver
High = renal

Question 14

Albumin

Answer 14

3.2 - 4.8 g/L

Question 15

PT

Answer 15

9 - 11.7 seconds

Question 16

INR (warfarin)

Answer 16

0

+ - 1.2

Question 17

PTT (heparin)

Answer 17

55 - 75 seconds

Question 18

APTT

Answer 18

23.3 - 31.9 seconds

Question 19

pH

Blood:
Saliva:
Stomach:
Urine:

Answer 19

Blood = 7.35 - 7.45

Saliva = 6 - 7.4

Stomach = 1 - 3.5

Urine: 4.5 - 8

Question 20

pCO2

Answer 20

22 - 28

Question 21

pO2

Answer 21

80 - 100

Question 22

HCO3

Answer 22

22 - 25

Question 23

O2 stat

Answer 23

> 95

Question 24

pH = low
pCO2 = high
HCO3 = normal

Answer 24

Respiratory Acidosis

*respiratory if HCO3 is normal

Question 25

pH = high
pCO2 = low
HCO3 = normal

Answer 25

Respiratory Alkalosis

*respiratory if HCO3 is normal

Question 26

pH = low
pCO2 = normal
HCO3 =  low

Answer 26

Metabolic Acidosis

*metabolic if pCO2 is normal

Question 27

pH = high
pCO2 = normal
HCO3 = high

Answer 27

Metabolic Alkalosis

*metabolic if pCO2 is normal