Lab Values

Question 1

Sodium (Na+)

Answer 1

Sodium (Na+)

135-145

Question 2

Hyponatremia Na+ (↓S/S):

Answer 2

Hyponatremia (↓S/S):

1. H/A, confusion, anxiety
2. Inc. ↑HR, ↑U/O, ↑BS
3. Lethargy
4. Dec. ↓BP, ↓DTR
5. Abd/muscle cramps, Nausea

Question 3

Hyponatremia Na+ (↓Causes):

Answer 3

Hyponatremia (↓Causes):

1. Inappropriate ↓ADH (SIADH)
2. Diuretic
3. Excessive hypotonic solutions
4. Adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease)
5. Fluid loss (V/D/GI suction)

Question 4

Hyponatremia Na+ (↓Nursing Interventions):

Answer 4

Hyponatremia Na+ (↓Nursing Interventions):

1. VS
2. Neuro monitor closely
3. I/O strict/ daily weights/ fluid rest if ↑fluid
4. Safety measures à confusion

Question 5

Hyponatremia Na+ (↓Medical Tx):

Answer 5

Hyponatremia Na+ (↓Medical Tx):

1. Tx underlying cause
2. IV fluids → 1/2 NS, D5 1/2 NS
3. ↑oral intake of Na+

Question 6

Hyponatremia ↑Na (S/S)

Answer 6

Hyponatremia ↑Na (S/S):

1. Fever, flushed skin
2. Restlessnes, irritable
3. Inc. ↑BP/↑DTR
4. Edema
5. Dec. ↓U/O, dry mouth, ↓ heart contractility
6. Twitching, tremors, thirst & seizures

Question 7

Hyponatremia ↑Na (Cause):

Answer 7

Hyponatremia ↑Na (Cause):

1. Meds, meals
2. Osmotic diuretics
3. Diabetes Insipidus
4. Excessive H2O loss (D/sweat)
5. Low H2O intake
6. Cushing’s Syndrome (↑aldosterone)

Question 8

Hyponatremia ↑Na (Nursing Interventions):

Answer 8

Hyponatremia ↑Na (Nursing Interventions):

1. VS (↑HR, ↑BP, ↑Temp if fluid overload)
2. I/O strict/ daily weights
3. Edema assessment
4. Seizure risks
5. Assess lifestyle