lab: screening spinal/dx Flashcards
components of brief screening exam
- posture: assess major landmarks (shoulder heights, iliac crest heights, popliteal creases, arches, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis)
- TART changes and vertebral SD
- standing flexion test; if positive, check for pelvis SD
- seated flexion test; is positive, check for sacrum SD
C1 landmarks
- no spinous process
- posterior to the angle of the mandible
C3 landmark
posterior to hyoid bone
C4 and C5 landmark
posterior to thyroid cartilage
C6 landmark
posterior to cricoid cartilage
motion of OA
- flexion and extension (major motion)
- rotating (minor motion)
- sidebending (minor motion)
SD of OA
rotation and sidebending in opposite direction
motion of AA
- rotation (major motion)
- flexion and extension (minor motion)
- sidebending (minor motion)
SD of AA
rotation only
how to dx OA (finger placement)
middle fingers posterior to occipital condyles to monitor motion and index fingers on articular pillars of C1 to stabilize and isolate motion to OA joint
how to dx AA (finger placement)
middle fingers over the articular pillars of the atlas to monitor motion and index fingers over the articular pillars of the axis to stabilize it and help isolate motion. flex lower C-spine to limit rotation of these joints
orientation of cervical superior facet
BUM:
- backward
- upward
- medial
what does the bodies of typical vertebraes have?
uncinate process that allow for more stability during movement
SD of typical vertebraes
rotation and sidebending same side with flexion/extension
T2 spinous process landmark
level of superior angle of the scapula
