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Bio 106 > Lab Practicum 2 > Flashcards

Lab Practicum 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Nitrogen fixation

A

Root nodules w/ rhizobium

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1
Q

Kingdom Bacteria

A

3 shapes: coccus, bacillus, spirillium.

Gram negative, positive

Circle, pinpoint, irregular, filamentous, & wrinkled - morphologies

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2
Q

Cyanobacteria

A

Oscillatoria - filament: trichomes

Anabaena - heterocyst; N fixation

Gleocapsa - sheath, glue box

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3
Q

Differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes -

A

Euk - nucleus, membranous organelles, larger in size, uses methionine, whiplike flagella, cilia, pseudopod

Pro - cell walls of peptidoglycan, no organelles, circular DNA, formyl-methionine, pili, binary fission, pili

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4
Q

Phylum Chlorophyta

A

Chlamydomonas - stigma (eyespot), syngamy forming zygospores.

Spirogyra - conjugation through conjugation tube forming a zygote.

Volvox - colonial w/ daughter colonies inside.

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5
Q

Kingdom Protista

A

Algae Phyla:
Chlorophyta - volvox
Bacillariophyta - diatoms
Euglenida - euglena

Protozoa & slime phyla:
Rhizopoda - amoeba
Kinetoplastea - Trypanosoma
Ciliophora - paramecium
Dictyostelia - Physarum
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6
Q

Phylum Bacillariophyta

A

Diatoms

Centrate (radial), pennate (bilateral)

Silicon dioxide shell

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7
Q

Phylum Euglenida

A

Euglena

Flagellum, eyespots, pellicle for support

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8
Q

Phylum Rhizopoda

A

Amoeba

Pseudopod, phagocytosis, contractile vacuole, phagocytic (food) vacuole

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9
Q

Phylum Kinetoplastea

A

Trypanosoma

Flagellated parasites, undulating membrane for movement.

Chagas’ disease; Acai berry, African sleeping sickness; tsetse fly

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10
Q

Phylum Ciliophora

A

Paramecium

Cilia, macro/micro nucleus, phagocytic vacuole, dikaryotic

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11
Q

Phylum Dictyostelia

A

Physarum

Plasmodium, sporangium (w/ light), sclerotium (hard shell phase)

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12
Q

Kingdom Fungi

A

Phyla:
Zygomycota - Rhizopus

Ascomycota - Penicillium

Basidiomycota - Portabella

Lichens

Hyphae, mycelium, plasmogamy, karyogamy, saprotrophs

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13
Q

Kingdom Plantae

A

Alternation of generations

Gametophyte, Sporophyte, Sporangium, Spore

Non vascular, vascular, seeds, flowers

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14
Q

Phylum Basidiomycota

A

Portabella

conidium, basidospore, cap, gill, stipe (stem), pileus (cap), basidiocarp, basidium

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15
Q

Phylum Ascomycota

A

Penicillium

conidium, conidiophore, ascospore, ascocarp, ascus, imperfect fungi

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16
Q

Phylum Zygomycota

A

Rhizopus

Sporangiophore, sporangium, zygospore, rhizoid

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17
Q

Lichens

A

Mutualism of Cyanobacteria and fungi

Thallus, crustose, foliose, fruticose

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18
Q

Phylum Hepaticophyta

A

Marchantia - liverworts
Non vascular
Gametophyte dominant

Thallus, gemma, gemmae cup, archegonium, antheridium, capsule, foot, stalk, elators

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19
Q

Phylum Bryophyta

A

Moss
Non vascular
Gametophyte dominant

archegonium, antheridium, capsule, foot, stalk, elators, calyptra, paraphyses

20
Q

Phylum Pterophyta

A

Ferns
Vascular seedless
Sporophyte dominant

Archegonium, antheridium, rhizome, frond, fiddlehead, sorus, indusium, protonema, prothallium

Whisk fern, horsetail, & club mossed
Dichotomous branching, strobilus

21
Q

Phylum Coniferophyta

A

Pine
Gymnosperm
Sporophyte dominant

Needle, micro/megasporophyll, pollen grain, tube cell, generative cell, ovuliferous scale, egg, embryo, seed coat, food supply (endosperm)

22
Q

Phylum Anthophyta

A

Angiosperms
Sporophyte dominant

Peduncle (stem), receptacle, sepals, calyx, petals, corolla, stamen, filament, anther, pistil, stigma, style, ovary, locule, ovule

Pollen, tube nucleus, generative nucleus, sperm nucleus, ovule, embryo sac, double fertilization, endosperm

23
Q

Seeds

A

Mature ovule

Embryo, seed coat, endosperm, cotyledons, hilum (navel), micropyle

24
Q

Monocot

A

One cotyledon, parallel veins, random vasculars, fibrous roots, 3x whorls

25
Q

Dicot

A

Two cotyledons, netlike veins, vascular ring, taproot, 4-5x whorls

26
Q

Kingdom Animalia

A

Lack cell walls, heterotrophic, specialized cells, locomotion, response to stimuli, diploid

27
Q

Evolution of

A
  1. Tissues
  2. Symmetry
  3. Body cavity
  4. Blastopore
  5. Skeleton
  6. Segmentation
28
Q

Phylum Porifera

A

Sponges

No true tissues
Intracellular digestion
Monoecious

Sessile, spongecoel, osculum, choanocytes, spicule, spongin

29
Q

Phylum Cnidaria

A

Cnidarians

Radial symmetry
Mono or dioecious
Diploblastic
Extracellular digestion

Endodermis, ectodermis, mesaglea, tentacles, polyp, medusa, cnidocyte, nematocyst, gastrovascular cavity

Classes:
Hydrozoa,
Scyphozoa,
Anthozoa

30
Q

Class Hydrazoa

A

Hydra, obelia, Aurelia

Reproductive polyp, feeding polyp

31
Q

Class Scyphozoa

A

Jellyfish - Aurelia

Radial canal, gonad, ring canal, tentacle, mouth, oral arm

32
Q

Class Anthozoa

A

Corals and sea anemones

33
Q

Phylum Platyhelminthes

A

Flatworms
Lophotrocozoan

Hermaphrodite, mesodermis, acoelomate, bilateral symmetry, triploblastic, organs, cephalization, cuticles

Classes:
Turbellaria - planarian
Trematoda - flukes
Cestoda - tapeworms

34
Q

Class Turbellaria

A

Planarian

Eyespots, auricles, pharynx, mouth, intestine, asexual regeneration

35
Q

Class Trematoda

A

Parasitic flukes

Swimmers itch

Oral sucker, ventral sucker, mouth, uterus, testes, excretory pore

36
Q

Class Cestoda

A

Sextoda
Parasitic tapeworms

Scolex, proglottids

37
Q

Phylum Nematoda

A

Roundworms
Ecdysozoan

Pseudocoelomate, bilateral, triploblastic, full digestive tract, parasitic

Pharynx, excretory pore, genital pore, vagina, uterus, oviduct, intestine, anus, testis, seminal vesicle, cloaca (multiuse hole)

38
Q

Phylum Molluska

A

Mollusks
Soft bodied - Molluska
Lophotrochozoan
Coelomates

Class:
Bivalvia
Gastropoda ~
Cephalopoda ~

39
Q

Class Bivalvia

A

Clams

Mantle, shell, visceral mass, foot, gills, digestive gland, gonad, heart, in/excurrent siphons

40
Q

Phylum Annelida

A

Segmented worms
Segmentation, triploblastic, coelomates

Class Oligochaeta

Protostomium, clitellum, seta
Pharynx, hearts, gonads, esophagus, crop, gizzard, nephridia

Class Polychaeta ~

41
Q

Phylum Arthropoda

A

Armored foot
Ecdysozoans

Segmented, armor like, chitin, gills, trachea, lungs, open circulatory

Classes:
Crustacea - lobster
Hexopoda - grasshopper
Arachnida - spider
Merostomata - horseshoe crab
42
Q

Class Crustacea

A

Crawfish

Antenunules, antenna, chelipad, carapace, walking legs, swimmerets , copulatory swimmerets of male, uropod, telson

Green glands, gills, stomach, heart

43
Q

Class Hexapoda

A

Insects

Most successful

44
Q

Subphylum Chelicerata

A

Spiders and horseshoe crabs

Chelicera (mouth), cephalothorax, abdomen, telson

45
Q

Phylum Echinodermata

A

Spiked skin
Deuterostomes

Pentaradial, lack cephalization

Class Asteroidea - sea star

46
Q

Class Astroidea

A

Sea star

Aboral and oral surfaces, madreporite, ambulacal groove, tone foot
Ambulacral ridge, ampulla, ring canal, digestive gland, gonad

47
Q

Phylum Chordata

A

Lancelet

Notochord, dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal gill slits, post anal tail, endoskeleton

Bio 106 (3 decks)

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