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Microbiology > Lab practical > Flashcards

Lab practical Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does the envelope contain?

A

Phospholipid bilayer (outer layer of HIV)

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2
Q

What are glycoprotein spikes used for?

A

Attachment

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3
Q

What is the capsid and what does it do?

A

Inner layer of HIV and protects nucleic acids

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4
Q

Where is the matrix protein located?

A

Between the envelope and the capsid

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5
Q

What does the nucleic acid contain?

A

Genetic material

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6
Q

What are the 3 enzymes in the HIV virus?

A

Protease, intergrase, and reverse transcriptase

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7
Q

HIV belongs to what group?

A

Retrovirus

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8
Q

What two parts of the virus cell make up the nucleocapsid?

A

Nucleic acid and capsid

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9
Q

What is the main cellular target of HIV?

A

CD4+

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10
Q

What is the antiviral treatment for HIV?

A

HAART

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11
Q

When the CD4+ cells fall below ____ cells, a person is diagnoised with AIDS?

A

200

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12
Q

What is the single most effective way to prevent infection?

A

Hand washing

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13
Q

What are the four dyes/steps in order with alternate names (if applicable) in the gram stain method?

A

Crystal violet
Iodine/Mordant
Decolorizer
Safrinin/counter stain

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14
Q

If the specimen is purple after the slide is rinsed what does this indicate?

A

Gram +

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15
Q

If the specimen is pink or red after the slide is rinsed what does this indicate?

A

Gram -

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16
Q

What is the purpose of the streak plate method?

A

Isolate colonies

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17
Q

What does bacteriocidal do?

A

Kills cells

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18
Q

What does bacteriostatic do?

A

Inhibits growth

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19
Q

What is disinfectant used for?

A

Used on non living things and does not kill all bacteria

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20
Q

What does sanitation do?

A

Reduces the number of microbes

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21
Q

What is an antiseptic used on?

A

On living things

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22
Q

Manitol salt agar is selective or differential?

A

Both

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23
Q

Mannitol salt agar is selective for what?

A

Halophils

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24
Q

Mannitol salt agar is differential for what?

A

Staphococcus bacteria

25
Q

Characteristics of mannitol salt agar?

A

Highly saline (salty)
Contains phenyl red
Change S. aureus fro red to bright yellow
Change S. epdermidis to pink

26
Q

Eosin Methyline Blue contains what dyes?

A

Methyl blue and eosin

27
Q

EMB is selective or differential?

A

Both

28
Q

E.coli on EMB change to what color?

A

Green

29
Q

Nonfermentors on EMB change to what color?

A

Colorless

30
Q

Blood agar is used for the detection of what organism?

A

Streptococcus pyrogens

31
Q

Beta hemolysis turns what color and is positive for what

A

Gold; strept throat

32
Q

Alpha hemolysis turns what color

A

Green

33
Q

Gamma hemolysis is what color

A

Clear

34
Q

What two types of agar plates grow gram + specimen?

A

MSA and blood agar

35
Q

What two types of agar plates grow gram - specimen?

A

EMB and McConkey

36
Q

What is the scientific name for the parasite that causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?

A

Dermacentor andersen

AKA wood tick

37
Q

What family is the dermacentor andersen from?

A

arachnoid

38
Q

What is the dog tick AKA?

A

Dermacentor varialvilis

39
Q

Mites cause what disease?

A

Scabies

40
Q

What is the scientific name of mites?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei

41
Q

Ascariasis is a disease cause by what?

A

Round worm

42
Q

Scientific name of round worm?

A

Ascaris lunericoides

43
Q

The round worm is apart of what family?

A

Nematode

44
Q

What is the vector or malaria?

A

Misquito

45
Q

Casative agent of malaria?

A

Plasmodium

46
Q

What type of mosquito carries plasmodium?

A

Anopholes

47
Q

Does the male or female anophole carry plasmodium?

A

Female

48
Q

How can you tell the difference between the male and female plasmodium?

A

The hairs on the antenna

49
Q

Fleas carry what bacterium?

A

Yersinia pestis

50
Q

Yersinia pestis causes what disease?

A

Plague

51
Q

Scientific name of liver fluke disease?

A

Fascioliasis

52
Q

A fluke is a type of what?

A

Termatode

53
Q

The pork tapeworm is called?

A

Teania solium

54
Q

What family is the pork tapeworm in?

A

Sestode

55
Q

Lice causes what?

A

Pediculosis

56
Q

What families are lice apart of?

A

Insect and arachnids

57
Q

Helminths are what?

A

Worms

58
Q

What are the 3 worm categories?

A

Hematodes, sestodes, and termatodes

Microbiology (5 decks)

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