final exam viral diseases

Question 1

infectious mononucleosis

• causative agent?
• important symptoms?
• what cells does this infect?
• what are the cells called when t cells respond and destroy b cells?
• how is this spread?
• how is someone diagnosed with this?

Answer 1

• epstein barr virus
• sore throat with pus, fatigue, enlarged spleen and lymph nodes, fever
• b cells
• downey cells
• saliva
• heterophil antibody on the monospot test

Question 2

yellow fever

• causative agent?
• what is the specific vector?
• important symptoms?
• how does this virus do inside of the body?
• what is the treatment?

Answer 2

• single stranded RNA arbovirus
• aedes aegypti mosquito
• black vomit, jaundice, low bp, kidney failure, petechiae
• enters bloodstream->liver-> jaundice and decreased production of clotting proteins-> petechiae-> replication and immune response damages circulatory system-> low bp->kidney failure->no urine production or blood filtration
• attenuated vaccine

Question 3

papillomavirus, cervical cancer, genital warts

• causative agent?
• who is this mostly asymptomatic in?
• important symptom?
• what test needs to be done annually for females to check for cervical cancer?

Answer 3

• human papillomavirus (HPV)
• women
• warts on penis and vagina
• pap smear

Question 4

HIV/AIDS

-causative agent?

Answer 4

-retrovirus

Question 5

viral meningitis

• causative agent? what conditions can they survive in?
• is this fast or slow onset?
• where is this infection located in the body?
• who is most at risk for contracting this disease?

Answer 5

• RNA virus; chlorinated pools
• fast onset
• infection of the fluid that surrounds the spinal cord and the brain
• neonates, infants, and adults

Question 6

viral encephalitis

• causative agent?
• what does arbovirus mean?
• what is a rare vector is this disease?
• important symptoms?
• how does the virus enter the body?
• what happens after a human gets this virus?
• what are sentinel chickens tested for?

Answer 6

• lacrosse encephalitis; arbovirus
• arthropod borne virus
• aedes mosquito
• fever, headache, deafness, seizures, coma
• replicates at the bite site, crosses blood brain barrier, and damages brain in severe cases
• humans are dead end hosts
• arboviruses

Question 7

infantile polio and poliomyelitis

• causative agent?
• important symptoms?
• what is required due to respiratory muscles paralyzed?
• what neurons are destroyed?
• how is the virus spread?
• what post disease happens 10-15 years after the initial disease? symptoms?

Answer 7

• polio virus 1, 2, 3
• pain, spasms, paralyzed neurons and muscles
• artificial respirations
• motor neurons
• oral-fecal route
• post polio syndrome; muscle pain, weakness, muscle deterioration

Question 8

rabies

• causative agent?
• what neurons does this effect?
• important symptoms?
• how is this acquired?
• what are negri bodies?
• what transplants have to do with this disease?
• what fear do the vectors of this disease have?
• what is the treatment? what is important about it?
• what is the process called when the virus moves to the spinal cord to the brain to replicate more and then to the rest of the body?

Answer 8

• rabies virus
• sensory
• fever, headache, fatigue, tingling or twitching at site of viral entry
• saliva from rabid skunks, raccoons, or bats
• form at the site of replication and aren’t lysed
• corneal transplants
• hydrophobia: fear of water
• vaccine given as soon as possible to provoke better immune response
• retrograde transport