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a&p 2! > Lab Practical 1 > Flashcards

Lab Practical 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the sensory receptors located in the head

A

Nose Tongue Eyes Ears

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2
Q

Parts of the vision system

A

Eyes Optic nerves Vision centers in the brain Accessory structures

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3
Q

Processes light to produce images Three layers Two chambers Specialized parts

A

Eye

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4
Q

White of the eye Protects the eye Sense receptors Cornea

A

Outer layer of eye (sclera)

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5
Q

Cornea

A

Front of eye “Window” which allows light into eye Bends light as it enters

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6
Q

Contains blood vessels Iris Ciliary body Lens

A

Middle layer of the eye (choroid)

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7
Q

Iris

A

Colored part of the eye Muscle that contracts and relaxes to open/close the pupil Regulates the amount of light that enters the eye

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8
Q

Ciliary body

A

Muscles Controls the shape of the lens

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9
Q

Lens

A

Posterior to the iris Focuses light on the retina

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10
Q

Visual receptors Optic disc

A

Inner layer of the eye (retina)

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11
Q

Types of visual receptors

A

Rods Cones

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12
Q

Rods

A

Sensitive to light Will function in dim light Provide “Limited” night vision Do not provide sharp image Do not detect color

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13
Q

Cones

A

Function in bright light Sensitive to color Provide sharp images

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14
Q

Optic disc

A

Where the optic nerve enters the retina

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15
Q

Chambers of the eye

A

Anterior Posterior

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16
Q

Anterior chamber of the eye

A

Front of lens Filled with aqueous humor

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17
Q

Nourishes and bathes the anterior eye Watery

A

Aqueous humor

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18
Q

Posterior chamber

A

Behind lens Contains vitreous humor

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19
Q

Maintains shape of eyeball Holds retina in place Jelly-like

A

Vitreous humor

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20
Q

Eye orbits

A

Eye sockets Form a protective shell around the eyes

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21
Q

Eyelids

A

Skin, muscle and connective tissue Blinking

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22
Q

Blinking

A

Prevents surface from drying out Keeps foreign material out of eye

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23
Q

Conjunctivas

A

Mucus membranes Line inner surfaces of eyelids

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24
Q

Lacrimal apparatus

A

Lacrimal glands Nasolacrimal ducts

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25
Q

Lacrimal glands

A

Lateral edge of eyeballs Produce tears

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26
Q

Nasolacrimal ducts

A

Medial aspect of eyeballs Drain tears into nose

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27
Q

How many extrinsic eye muscles are there?

A

6

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28
Q

How do the extrinsic eye muscles move the eyeball

A

Superiorly Inferiorly Laterally Medially

29
Q

What percent of eye injuries are preventable

A

90

30
Q

Eye safety practices

A

Adequate lighting/handrails Pad/cushion sharpe edges of furniture Toys should be age appropriate Do not mix chemicals

31
Q

Proper protective eyewear

A

Goggles Sports eye guards

32
Q

Aging eye

A

Eyelids may droop Quality & quantity of tears decrease Conjunctiva thins & eyes may become dryer Cornea yellows, fat deposits around it Brown spots on sclera Pupils become smaller Lens denser & more rigid Lens yellows Retinal changes-vision fuzzy Changes in ability of eye to adapt to light Impaired night vision Decreased peripheral vision

33
Q

Medical do it who is an eye specialist

A

Ophthalmologist

34
Q

Provides vision screening and diagnostic testing

A

Optometrist

35
Q

Fills vision prescriptions for glasses and contacts

A

Opticians

36
Q

Impairment of distance vision

A

Myopia

37
Q

What occurs when a individual has myopia

A

Eyeball is too long Light focuses anterior to retina Snellen chart Normal vision

38
Q

Impairment of near vision

A

Hyperopia

39
Q

What occurs when an individual suffers from hyperopia

A

Eyeball is shorter Light focused posterior to retina Test using a handheld chart with various sizes of print Presbyopia

40
Q

Impairment due to aging Loss of lens elasticity

A

Presbyopia

41
Q

What are our special senses

A

Smell Taste Vision Hearing/equilibrium Touch

42
Q

Distinguishing shades of gray relates to

A

Contrast sensitivity

43
Q

Color blindness

A

May be inherited More common in males

44
Q

Difficulties with color vision may indicate

A

Retinal or optic nerve disease

45
Q

What blood type has a, b, and rh present on the earth richer surface

A

AB+

46
Q

What blood type can AB+ receive from?

A

Universal recipient

47
Q

What type of blood can AB+ donate to?

A

AB+

48
Q

What blood type has A and b antigens present on erythrocyte surface?

A

AB-

49
Q

What blood types can someone with AB- type blood receive?

A

AB-, A-, B-, O-

50
Q

Blood type AB- can donate blood to

A

AB+, AB-

51
Q

What blood type has a and rh present?

A

A+

52
Q

What blood types can A+ receive blood from?

A

A+, A-, O+, O-

53
Q

What blood types can A+ donate to?

A

AB+, A+

54
Q

What blood type has only A antigens present?

A

A-

55
Q

What blood types can A- receive from?

A

A- and O-

56
Q

What blood types can be donated to A-

A

AB+, AB-, A+, A-

57
Q

What blood type has b and rh antigens present

A

B+

58
Q

What blood types can B+ receive from

A

B+, B-, O+, O-

59
Q

What blood types can donate to a B+ person

A

AB+, B+

60
Q

What blood type has b antigens present

A

B-

61
Q

What blood types can B- receive from

A

B-, O-

62
Q

What blood types can B- donate to

A

AB+, AB-, B+, B-

63
Q

What blood type has only rh antigens present?

A

O+

64
Q

What blood types can O+ receive from

A

O+, O-

65
Q

What blood types can O+ donate to

A

AB+, A+, B+, O+

66
Q

What blood type has no antigens present

A

O-

67
Q

What blood type can O- receive from?

A

O-

68
Q

What blood type can O- donate to

A

Universal donor

a&p 2! (4 decks)

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