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Neuro PT > Lab Midterm > Flashcards

Lab Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

hands at met heads/ball of foot facilitates

A

PF

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2
Q

hands at heel/calcaneus facilitates

A

DF

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3
Q

hands at navicular and 1st met head fascilitates

A

inversion

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4
Q

hands at 5th met heads, cuboid, lateral calcaneus facilitates

A

eversion

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5
Q

how to facilitate hooklying with LE

A

use hand at lateral border of 5th met with finger pads to facilitate eversion OR
index & middle finger on plantar surface of lateral 4 toes –> eversion

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6
Q

when would it be contraindicated to do bed mobility with the bed flat?

A

pt with EG tube
swelling precautions

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7
Q

If the direction of the therapist’s pressure is such that that the patient’s femur aDducts, what functional activity is being facilitated?

A

rolling

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8
Q

If the direction of the therapist’s pressure is such that that the patient’s femur aBducts, what functional activity is being facilitated?

A

standing (gait prep)

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9
Q

how can trapping be beneficial?

A

hold weak foot with strong
prevent overuse of less involved
encourage WB through involved
draw sensory awareness & attention to involved

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10
Q

how to progress 1/2 and full briding

A

timing for emphasis and primitive repeated concrations

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11
Q

T/F: it can be very hard to ween a pt from a more supportive AD

A

T

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12
Q

which principle is used with timing for emphasis during bridging to facilitate the more involved LE?

A

irradiation

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13
Q

what is Raimiste’s phenomena?

A
  • resisted ABD on the strong side will reinforce ABD on the weaker side
  • resisting ADD on the strong side will “irradiate” to ADD on the weak side
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14
Q

what compensation should you look for when doing Raimiste’s phenomena?

A

excessive lordosis
ensure no breaks are given between switching ab and ad

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15
Q

T/F: neuro pts always have weak hips

A

T

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16
Q

how should pt be positioned for scooting?

A

banana shape

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17
Q

it is easier to roll towards to _____ side

A

affected

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18
Q

where should PT always be when rolling?

A

on the side toward which the pt is rolling

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19
Q

how to cue core engagement during bed mobility?

A

lift chin

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20
Q

how to facilitate abs when sitting up?

A

downward pressure with thumbs at clavicle
reach across to opposite knee
lift head

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21
Q

how to align uninvolved pelvis after pt just sat up?

A

facilitate trunk shortening

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22
Q

what does maintaining the more involved scapula in protraction and depression help with when supine to sit?

A

head righting and protecting involved arm

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23
Q

Once hips are ____ and feet are _______, it is easier to bring the trunk into erect sitting

A

flexed
completely off the bed

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24
Q

considerations for supine to sit if extension synergy

A
  • Keep involved leg as flexed as possible throughout
  • Trap involved foot with uninvolved
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25
Q

when scooting back, if the pt ankles DF, the COG is too far _____

A

posterior

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26
Q

when scooting back, if the pt ankles PF, the COG is too far _____

A

anterior

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27
Q

what type of pressure is given to cue pt to lift bottom when scooting back?

A

approximation pressure at hips

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28
Q

what does PT’s leg do during scooting back?

A

give pressure to push back

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29
Q

Scooting and weight shift unilaterally is pre _____

A

gait

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30
Q

lift off (bilateral) is pre ____

A

standing

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31
Q

why is there less chance of falling with a scoot transfer?

A

pt COG is kept lower than stand pivot

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32
Q

what does the pt need for scoot transfer?

A
  1. Dynamic trunk with anterior weight shift
  2. Upper extremities in weight bearing
  3. Lower extremities and hips angled so that knees point away from surface patient is going towards
  4. Feet appropriately positioned for dynamic activity
33
Q

T/F: The squat/scoot transfer represents a lower level of function than a stand pivot transfer.

A

F

34
Q

From a “forced use” perspective, to which side should the patient be transferring most frequently?

A

towards weak side

35
Q

leg hold for modified stand pivot transfer

A

anteriolateral aspect of patient’s tibia with anterio-lateral aspect of therapist’s tibia

36
Q

how to do alternating isometric in prone on elbows

A
  • Apply approximation pressure at top of shoulders down to elbows
  • Apply resistance to lateral aspect of 1 scapula and medial aspect of other scapula
37
Q

how to do slow reversals in prone on elbows

A
  • Start with rhythmic initiations
  • Weight shift between elbows
  • Add resistance during weight shifts
  • apply quick stretch for mobility
38
Q

how to do rhythmic stabilization in quadruped?

A

apply resistance on opposite shoulder and hip

39
Q

when is it contraindicated to place a ball under the pt in quadruped?

A

PEG tube

40
Q

when is prone on elbows contraindicated?

A

continuous feed PEG tube

41
Q

how should the LEs be positioned in kneeling to be more functional?

A

staggered

42
Q

from a forced use standpoint, how should pt stand from kneeling?

A

weaker leg on UP side of half kneeling

43
Q

what is successive induction (used with standing)?

A

effort in 1 direction with quick transition overflows successively into next direction

44
Q

How to set up the environment to optimize the patient’s learning abilities?

A

base of support
visual inputs
challenging or supportive environment
safety

45
Q

how to encourage motor learning verbally?

A

ask questions to pt about performance, feelin weight, etc

46
Q

use your hands _____

A

wisely

47
Q

You cannot superimpose ______ on abnormal _______.

A

normal movements
postural alignment

48
Q

The more _____ your hand placements are, the more assistive you are for the patient

A

proximal

49
Q

_____& _____feedback are consistent with NDT principles of manual facilitation for motor learning

A

faded & bandwidth

50
Q

during trunk mobs, how should the shoulder be positioned?

A

flexion; humerus anterior to body

51
Q

if pt has dominant UE synergy, how should UE be positioned with trunks mobs?

A

hands on PT’s knees to facilitate abduction and ER

52
Q

PT hand and arm movements for anterior pelvic tilt failitation

A

hand vertical just above pelvis
pressure mostly with fingers 3 & 4
pressure with palmar side of pink
NO FLEXION OF PINKY
supination and wrist flexion

53
Q

anterior pelvic tilt:
Apply ___ and _____ pressure;
Little fingers draws ____ and ____ pressure

A

up and forwards
down and back

54
Q

a ____ is needed to begin all activities

A

dynamic trunk

55
Q

what are the essential components of lateral weight shift?

A

dynamic shortening on one side followed by elongation on other

56
Q

lateral weight shift movement should be occurring where

A

lower trunk

57
Q

T/F: Always return to midline before starting weight shifts again

A

T

58
Q

lateral weight shifts: Shift to patient’s _____ side first

A

more involved (or to the side through which the patient tends not to bear sufficient weight)

59
Q

when will you not lateral shift to pt’s more involved side?

A

Pusher’s syndrome

60
Q

PNF Stages of Motor Control

A

mobility
stability
controlled mobility
skill

61
Q

How can PNF be progressed from a stability exercise to controlled mobility exercise?

A

add quick stretch for mobility

62
Q

T/F: rhythmic stabilization has more complex muscle activation than reversals

A

T

63
Q

where do patients with Pusher syndrome push?

A

towards weak side and back

64
Q

body alignment of pushing side for pusher syndrome

A

PF and shortened trunk

65
Q

which side does the swiss ball go on for pusher pt?

A

strong/uninvolved side

66
Q

arm position of pushing side on swiss ball

A

shoulder ER
keep hand off ball
prefer: elbow bent and hand on head

67
Q

PT position when working with pusher pt with swiss ball

A

posterior and to more involved side

68
Q

how to prevent pushing when weight shifting with pusher pt

A

stop at midline or just before

69
Q

1st cue to give when sitting from standing

A

bend knees

70
Q

the hands should be ___ than the elbows when doing a sit to stand with a table

A

lower

71
Q

the elbows should be ___ to the body when doing a sit to stand with a table

A

anterior

72
Q

how to prevent synergy from occurring at UE when doing a sit to stand with a table

A

widely spaced hands (ER, abduction)

73
Q

stand to sit:
facilitate ____ pelvic tilt
once knee flexed, facilitate dynamic ___ & ___

A

posterior
trunk & leg

74
Q

pre-gait sequence for stance phase

A

1) proper positioning
2) bilateral knee flexion
3) lateral weight shift w/ reciprocal knee bend (hold at midline)
4) unweight strong leg & heel out, toe out
5) weight shift to weak leg & step with strong
6) A/P weight shifts in stride position
7) step back with strong even with weak
8) step behind weak in staggered
9) step strong even with weak
10) step strong behind weak
11) full swing with strong

75
Q

pre-gait sequence for swing phase

A

start in pre-swing with less involved forward
1) weight shift anterior keeping back foot on floor
2) facilitate pelvic drop, knee flexion, PF
3) graded extension and flexion of involved knee in stride
4) assist sliding foot forward
5) step forward with involved

76
Q

which position is a critical position for swing phase pre-gait sequence?

A

trailing limb

77
Q

forced use when turning

A

pivot on involved LE and step around with less involved

78
Q

Active training ingredients for Neuroplasticity/Motor learning

A

task-specific training
repetitive practice
intensity
saliency

Neuro PT (8 decks)

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