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Neuro PT > Final Important Points > Flashcards

Final Important Points Flashcards

1
Q

_____ is a known predictor of falls in older adults

A

cognitive impairment

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2
Q

research shows what 2 factors contribute to increased fall risk?

A

increased dementia severity
reduced dependance on visual input

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3
Q

CVA pts have longer onset _____ that were smaller in amplitude in the _____ paretic limb mm

A

latencies
distal

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4
Q

concussion/mTBI
GCS:
PTA:
LOC:
imaging:

A

concussion/mTBI
GCS: 13-15
PTA: <24 hr
LOC: 0-30 min
imaging: NDA

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5
Q

moderate TBI
GCS:
PTA:
LOC:
imaging:

A

moderate TBI
GCS: 9-12
PTA: 24h-7d
LOC: 30min- 24h
imaging: some findings

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6
Q

severe TBI
GCS:
PTA:
LOC:
imaging:

A

severe TBI
GCS: 3-8
PTA: >7days
LOC: >24 hr
imaging: significant findings

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7
Q

what is the most common TBI?

A

concussion

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8
Q

what are the 12 Rs of SRC?

A

Recognize
Reduce
Remove
Re-evaluate
Rest
Refer
Rehabilitation
Recovery
Return-to-learn/sport
Reconsider
Retire
Refine

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9
Q

what are the 5 steps for SCAT?

A

observable signs
GCS
cervical spine assessment
coordination and ocular/motor screen
memory assessment

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10
Q

what are the red flags of concussion (SCAT)?

A

neck pain or tenderness
double vision
weakness or tingling/burning in >1 arm or leg
severe or increasing HAs
seizure or convulsion
LOC
deteriorating consciousness
vomiting
increased restless, agitation, aggressiveness
GCS <15
visible skull deformity

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11
Q

what are the pre-existing risk factors for developing PPCS?

A

female
adolescent
hx of personal or family anxiety/depression
PMHx or family Hx of migraine
DD or learning disorders
pre-existing visual dysfunctin

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12
Q

what are the post-injury risk factors for developing PPCS?

A
  • CONTINUING TO PLAY POST CONCUSSION
  • severity of initial sx in 1st few days post
  • having vestibular and convergence abnormalities
  • high inflammation levels
  • resting too long
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13
Q

what 5 systems interact to cause persistent sx following concussion?

A

cervical spine
vestibular system
visual system
ANS
psychological factors (mood, anxiety, etc.)

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14
Q

what are the 4 major ocular motor systems affected by concussion?

A

convergence (50-60%)
smooth pursuit (60%)
saccadic (30%)
vestibulo-ocular

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15
Q

what are the 3 systems for sensory input for balance and postural control?

A

vestibular
visual
proprioceptive

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16
Q

what 3 structures are integrate sensory input for balance and postural control?

A

cerebellum
cerebral cortex
brain stem

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17
Q

the rule for ramps is AT LEAST ____ foot of length for each ____ of height

A

1 foot length for every 1 inch height

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18
Q

person must be in a WC at least ___ hours per day to qualify for funding

A

4

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19
Q

what question MUST be answered yes to qualify for WC funding?

A

require WC to perform “mobility related ADL” WITHIN HOME

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20
Q

seat width measurements for WC

A

less than 1 & 1/4” wider than person’s hips/thighs

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21
Q

seat depth measurements for WC

A

1-2” less than posterior buttocks to popliteal fossa

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22
Q

seat height measurements for WC

A

standard: 19-19.5
hemi height: 17-17.5

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23
Q

what needs to be considered for seat height measurements?

A

lower leg length
transfer type
propulsion method
type of thickness of WC cushion

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24
Q

where to measure for arm rest height

A

with cushion in place
from bottom of seat (not cushion)

25
Q

what is a secondary condition?

A

occurs after individual acquires or is born with a disability.
characteristics not associated with trauma

26
Q

examples of secondary conditions

A

CV issues/heart disease
pressure ulcers
obesity
diabetes

27
Q

the aims of health promotion program for people with disabilities are to:

A
  • reduce secondary conditions
  • maintain functional independence
  • provide opportunity for leisure enjoyment
  • enhance overall quality of life by reducing environmental barriers to good health
28
Q

T/F: sedentariness is not a major mortality risk if the person is physically active

A

F!!!!
“sedentariness is describe as a major mortality risk INDEPENDENT of physical activity

29
Q

a person initially enters the transtheoretical model of change at the ___ stage

A

pre-contemplation

30
Q

each time a person goes through the cycle, they learn from each ____ and each relapse is shorter (____ spiral)

A

relapse
upward spiral

31
Q

tests of activity limitations

A

bed mobility
transfers
gait
stair climbing
ADLs

32
Q

what are the 4 main interventions for cerebellar dysfunction?

A

muscle tone
voluntary movement coordination
static and dynamic balance
oculomotor performance

33
Q

common gait and balance interventions for cerebellar dysfunction

A

gaze and eye movements
static stance
dynamic stance
gait
complex gait

34
Q

hallmark of cerebellar damage

A

ataxia

35
Q

prognosis of cerebellar damage depends on what 3 things?

A

tumor type
nuclei involved
(dentate, emboliform, globose, fastigial)
age

36
Q

cerebellar zones and their function

A

medial - posture
intermediate - coordinating limbs
lateral - planning complex movements
flocculonodular - balance & eye movements via vestibular

37
Q

Movement deficits following cerebellar damage include

A

dysmetria
dyssynergia
dysdiadochokinesia
cerebellar tremor
hypotonia
gait ataxia
imbalance

38
Q

PT should emphasize the cerebellum’s role in _____ and ______

A

procedural motor learning and adaptation

39
Q

SCA stroke symptoms

A

ipsi limb dysmetria
gait instability

40
Q

AICA stroke symptoms

A

facial sensory loss
vestibular issues
dysmetria

41
Q

PICA stroke symptoms

A

vertigo
nystagmus*
gait ataxia

42
Q

medicare part B only pays ___% for WC

A

80%
(20% copay)

43
Q

a study showed that on a split belt treadmill cerebellar pts have what issues?

A

slower adaptation
lower symmetry restoration
minimal aftereffects

44
Q

what is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the US?

A

chronic, noncommunicable disease

45
Q

__ is the leading cause of chronic disability

A

stroke

46
Q

____% of people with chronic stroke have IGT or T2DM

A

81%

46
Q

IGT or DM predict _____ x increased risk for recurrent stroke

A

2-3x

47
Q

nearly ____ of pts with stroke experience recurrent stroke w/i ____ years

A

1/3
5

48
Q

which mm fiber types decreases most with chronic stroke?

A

slow twitch

49
Q

which mm fiber type are less sensitive to insulin?

A

fast twitch

50
Q

what is the highest predictor of insulin resistance in chronic stroke?

A

fat content of paretic limb (not central obesity)

51
Q

primary prevention

A

most effective strategy
prevent illness from occurs

52
Q

secondary prevention

A

detecting and treating illness/disease early

53
Q

tertiary prevention

A

managing existing disease to prevent further complications/disability

54
Q

primordial prevention

A

risk factor reduction
through laws and national policy

55
Q

layers of the social ecological model

A

individual
interpersonal
organizational/institutional
community
societal

56
Q

social determinates of health

A

economic stability
education access and quality
health care access and quality
neighborhood and build environment
social and community context

57
Q

what is termination?

A

permanent change in behavior

Neuro PT (8 decks)

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