lab M5 L16

Question 1

pH < 5

Answer 1

acidic

high-protein diet, metabolic/respiratory acidosis, methanol poisoning, PKU

Question 2

pH > 7.5

Answer 2

basic

vegetarian diet, metabolic/respiratory alkalosis, urinary infections, urine retention in the bladder, anemia, alkaline therapy, obstructing gastric ulcers

Question 3

specific gravity < 1.015

Answer 3

hyposthenuria

chronic nephritis, diabetes insipidus, cardiovascular problems

Question 4

specific gravity > 1.030

Answer 4

hypersthenuria

acute nephritis, diabetes mellitus, fever

Question 5

glucose is more than 30 mg per 100 mL of urine

Answer 5

glucosuria

pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, renal tubule damage (nephritis), excess stress, excess vitamin C, brain damage

Question 6

proteins is more than 10 mg per 100 mL urine

Answer 6

pathologic albuminuria OR physiologic albuminuria

pathologic albuminuria- glomerular damage, febrile diseases, anemia, hypertension, toxemia of pregnancy

physiologic albuminuria- excess protein ingestions, excess muscular exertion, prolonged exposure to cold, acute abdominal disease

Question 7

ketones present

Answer 7

ketonuria

cold exposure, starvation, diabetes mellitus, absence of carbohydrates in diet, metabolic disorders