lab four: cardiology - blood histology, blood vessels, and heart dissection

Question 1

functions of the blood

Answer 1

1) regulates pH and electrolytes (chemical composition) of interstitial fluid, 2) supplies cells with oxygen, nutrients and other molecules, 3) protection against foreign bodies, and 4) clot formation (stops bleeding)

Question 2

blood composition

Answer 2

55% plasma and 45% formed elements

Question 3

plasma

Answer 3

compromised of 90% water, salts, vitamins, proteins, and cellular wastes

Question 4

formed elements

Answer 4

composed of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

Question 5

erythroctyes

Answer 5

most abundant blood cell that are produced in the red marrow of bones; are red in color, biconcave discs, and lack a nucleus

major function is to transport blood gases

Question 6

leukocytes

Answer 6

produced in the bone marrow; have nuclei, but lack hemoglobin; are granular (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils) or agranular (lymphocytes, monocytes)

scavenger cells (phagocytes) that engulf foreign bodies and other unwanted substances in the body and destroy them

Question 7

thrombocytes

Answer 7

PLATELETS!!! small cellular pieces produced from the breakdown of megakaryocytes; have a nucleus

involved in blood clotting

Question 8

blood vessels

Answer 8

arteries and veins (largest class of blood vessels in the body)

Question 9

arteries

Answer 9

carries blood away from the heart; blood pressure is higher in this area and they have a thicker tunica media

Question 10

veins

Answer 10

carries blood towards the heart; partially collapsed and contain one-way valves to prevent back-flow

Question 11

circulation of blood

Answer 11

superior and inferior vena cava - right atrium - tricuspid valve - right ventricle - pulmonary semilunar valve - pulmonary trunk - pulmonary arteries - lungs - pulmonary veins - left atrium - bicuspid valve - left ventricle - aortic semilunar valve - aorta - body or heart