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BIO 121 > Lab Final terminology > Flashcards

Lab Final terminology Flashcards

1
Q

acoelemate

A

no coelem

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2
Q

aerobic

A

process req oxygen, or an organism thrives in presence of oxygen

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3
Q

agar

A

gelatinous polysacchride from algae used as culture medium for bacteria and fungi

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4
Q

alt. of generation

A

lifycycle that has both multicellular haploid+diploid stages - in plants and some algae

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5
Q
A
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6
Q

anerobic

A

process that doesnt req oxygen, or an organism that thrives in absence of O2

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7
Q

angiosperm

A

flowering plant

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8
Q

annulus

A

any ring like structure (body of annelid worm)

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9
Q

anterior

A

head region

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10
Q

anther

A

pollen prod structure of flowering plant

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11
Q

antheridium

A

male reprod system in some plants, fungi and protists

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12
Q

aechegonium

A

female reprod in some plants which prod the egg

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13
Q

ascocarp

A

reprod structure of phylum ascomycota(fungi) - prod asci and ascospores

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14
Q

ascospores

A

reprod cell within an asci from ascomycota

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15
Q

ascus

A

sac like cell that prod ascospores

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16
Q

aseptate

A

hyphae with no crosswalls or septa

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17
Q

asexual reprod

A

reprod inolving 1 organism

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18
Q

auricle

A

projection on either side of the head of flatworm (for sensory reasons)

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19
Q

autotroph

A

organism which prod organic molecs from inorganic molecs using energy from photosynthesis or chemical reactions

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20
Q

bascillus

A

rod shaped bacterium

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21
Q

basidocarp

A

reprod structure which prod basidospores - phylum basidomycota

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22
Q

body column

A

cylindrical body of organisms like hydra

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23
Q

body plan

A

layer of tissues + presence or absence of coelem

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24
Q

capusule

A

1) protective outer covering made of polysacchrides found on bacterial calls
2) sporangium of bryophyte

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25
Q

carpel

A

female reprod - produces ovules that have female gametophytes in flowering plants

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26
Q

cephilization

A

sensory structures located in the head region (anterior) part of animal

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27
Q

chitin

A

tuff polysacch. - cell wall of fungus+protsits - exoskeleton of anthropods

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28
Q

chloroplast

A

contains chlorophyll - photosynthesis happens here

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29
Q

clitellum

A

struc in some annelid worms to aid in reproduction

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30
Q

cnidoblast

A

stinging cell in some cnidaria - contains nematocyst

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31
Q

coccus(cocci)

A

spherical bacterium

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32
Q

coelem

A

fluid filled body cavity surrounded by mesoderm

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33
Q

cone

A

reprod struc of coniferphyta that prod pollen or ovules/seeds

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34
Q

conjugation

A

bacteria - 2 cells join together using pili + exchange genetic info (bacteria+fungi do this too)

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35
Q

consumer

A

organism that feeds on other living organisms

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36
Q

CV

A

organelle involving osmoregulation

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37
Q

cotyledon

A

embryo of seed in plants - food storage and early food prod

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38
Q

cuticle

A

secretion forming waterproof barrier for some plants and animals

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39
Q

cytoplasmic streaming

A

movement of cytoplasm in cell used to circulate contents

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40
Q

decomposer

A

heterotroph that breaks down dead organic material to gain energy

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41
Q

dicot

A

type of flower - 2 cotyledon within seed

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42
Q

digestive cavity

A

internal body cavity where food is stored and digested

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43
Q

domain

A

classification above kingdom

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44
Q

filament (2)

A

1) chain of cells (filamentous bacteria)
2) stalk of the stamen in flower

45
Q

fimbrae

A

bacteria - hairlike extensions used to attach to surfaces

46
Q

floral tube

A

fused bases of sepals petals and stamens in flower

47
Q

flowering plant

A

a plant that has a seed enclosed in a fruit

48
Q

fragmentation

A

asexual reprod - new organism develops from fragment of parent

49
Q

free living

A

organism doesnt require host

50
Q

fruit

A

ripened ovary which contains seeds in flowering plants

51
Q

gametangium

A

cell or organ where gametes are produced

52
Q

gametophyte

A

mulitcellular haploid generation in lifecycle of plant

53
Q

gastovascular cavity

A

body cavity w mouth/anus that digests and distributes nutrients

54
Q

gelatinous sheath

A

jelly like layer surrounding cells of some algae and some bacteria - provide structure and protection

55
Q

gymnosperms

A

plant that prod seeds that are not enclosed in fruits

56
Q

hermaphroditic

A

animal has both male and female reprod structures

57
Q

heterocyst

A

cell in some cyanobacteria specialized in nitrogen fixation

58
Q

heterotroph

A

cant synthesize organic material it needs so it must obtain energy from other organisms

59
Q

holdfast

A

specialized root in some large algae that lets them attach to rocks

60
Q

hydrostatic skeleton

A

skeleton system made of fluid held under pressure in enclosed body cavity

61
Q

hyphae

A

long narrow strands of cell that make up the body of a fungus

62
Q

intracellular

A

situated or occurring inside cell

63
Q

kingdom

A

group made of one or more phyla

64
Q

larva

A

pre adult form of many animals

65
Q

locule

A

cavity within an ovary in which ovules are produced in flowers

66
Q

macronucleus

A

in paramecium - large nuc that doesnt do reproduction just metabolism

67
Q

medusa

A

free swimming stage in the most lifecycles of cnidaria (jellyfish)

68
Q

megasporangium

A

in plants- sporangium where meiosis occurs to produce megaspores

69
Q

mesogela

A

mesoderm of the phylum cnidaria

70
Q

micronucleus

A

in paramecium - stores genetic material and does sexual repros

71
Q

microsporangium

A

in plants - sporangium tha produces microspores

72
Q

monocot

A

flower with 1 cotyledon

73
Q

mycelium

A

body of fungus comprised of many hyphae

74
Q

mycorrhiza

A

relationship between fungi and zygomycota or basidomycota where fungi grow around roots

75
Q

nerve chord

A

stand of nervous tissue that goes from anterior to posterior end

76
Q

omnivore

A

eats plants and animals

77
Q

osculum

A

large opening at top of sponge that allows water to exit during filter feeding

78
Q

ovary (2)

A

plants- prod ovules
animals - prod egg

79
Q

pathogen

A

organism that causes disease

80
Q

peptidoglycan

A

polymer of sugars and proteins - forms cells wall in most bacteria

81
Q

phloem

A

type vascular tissue in plants - transports sugars and hormones

82
Q

placenta(2)

A
  • nutritive tissue in flowering plants where ovules attach
  • nutritive tissues in the uterus of mammels for embryo
83
Q

pneumatocysts

A

in brn algae - air bladders that keep algae floating at high tide

84
Q

pollen sac

A

microsporangium of seed plants

85
Q

polyp

A

sessile stage of of lifecycle in cnidaria

86
Q

posterior

87
Q

protist

A

euk organism not classified as plant animal or fungus

88
Q

pseudocoelemate

A

“false coelem” - only partially surrounded by coelem

89
Q

rhizoid

A

anchors fungus - extracellular digestion

90
Q

rhizome

A

horizontal stem that grown undergrounf

91
Q

root

A

anchors plants - water and mineral uptake

92
Q

seed

A

consists of young sporophyte with food supply - protection and dispersial

93
Q

segmentation

A

division of body into similar repeated parts

94
Q

seminal receptical

A

sac for storing sperm

95
Q

septum/septa

A

partition between 2 cells or cavities(cell walls which divide hyphae)

96
Q

setae

A

small bristle found on lumbricus to increase traction

97
Q

spicule

A

hardened point structures on sponge - for defence

98
Q

spirillum

A

spiral shaped bacterium

99
Q

spongin

A

fibrous protein that is body of sponges

100
Q

spongocoel

A

internal cavity of sponges lines w flagellated cells that help beat water for filter feeding

101
Q

sporophyll

A

modified leaf on plant that bears sporangia

102
Q

stamen

A

male reprod organ in flowers

103
Q

symbiont

A

organism that live in association with other organism

104
Q

vascular tissue

A

tubular arrangements of cells that transport substances like water and dissolved sugars

105
Q

velum

A

tissue on the underside of a mushroom cap enclosed to protect the gills

106
Q

venation

A

particular pattern of branching of vascular tissues in angiosperms

107
Q

xylem

A

type of vascular tissue that transports water and minerals

108
Q

zygospore

A

zygote that evolves into a thick walled spore that can rest over harsh winters/environments

109
Q

oogamous

A

large, non motile sperm fertilized by small motile sperm

BIO 121 (6 decks)

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