Lab Final - Lab 5 Flashcards
only one pair of wings, hind wings reduced to halteres. Mesothorax extremely enlarged. Prothorax and metathorax greatly reduced. Halteres on metathorax
Order diptera (true flies)
Blood feeder. Small, slender to moderately robust. Antennae with 13 flagellomeres. Male with pedicel enlarged (containing Johnston’s organ. Male with plumose antennae. Eyes approximate or meeting in the middle
Order Diptera Family Ceratopogonidae (biting midges)
Blood feeders. Small, humpbacked appearance, wing broad without hairs or scales, wing veins thicker anteriorly. Antennae with 7-9 flagellomeres, shorter than head, thick, arising at middle of eye. Short legs. Male with large eyes that meet in the middle
Order Diptera Family Simuliidae (black flies)
Blood feeders. Wing veins and wing margins with scales. Scales often present on body as well. Long piercing-sucking mouthparts. Antennae plumose on males. Larvae small, with enlarged thorax, small brushes on their mouth (for filter feeding) and an apical breathing tube (siphon.
Order Diptera Family Culicidae (mosquito)
Blood feeders. distinct shape - large head, concave posteriorly, broad abdomen, antennae stylate: 3-segmented with style. Eyes often brightly colored. Mouthparts cutting-sponging.
A style is usually terminal and more or less rigid, while an arista is normally dorsal and bristlelike
Order Diptera Family Tabanidae (deer and horse flies)
Blood feeders. Robust fly, grayish. Appearance of a normal house fly, but with piercing- sucking mouthparts: proboscis elongate, strongly sclerotized. Aristate antennae: 3-segmented with an arista
Order Diptera Family Muscidae (stable flies)
Predator. Often bee and wasp mimics - black and yellow colour pattern. Diagnostic character: wings with spurious vein (starts nowhere and ends nowhere). Antennae aristate. Predator in larval stage.
Order Diptera Family Syrphidae (flower fly)
Predator. Small to large flies. Large compound eyes extending dorsally above level of vertex. Vertex appearing excavated when viewed anteriorly (arrow). Cluster of hair on lower part of the face (the mystax; arrow). Antennae with a style (stylate).
Order Diptera Family Asilidae (robber flies)
Phytophagous. Patterned wings. Diagnostic character: Subcostal vein (Sc) with apical part sharply bent forward (at an angle close to 90°). Female with conspicuous oviscape (ovipositor sheath. Ovipositor retracts within oviscape). Some species form galls on plants. Aristate antennae.
Order Diptera Family Tephritidae (fruit flies)
Phytophagous. Small, usually less than 3 mm. Female with conspicuous oviscape (similar to Tephritidae). Wings normally without patterns (some exception). Color variable, sometimes dark black sometimes mostly bright yellow. Aristate antennae. Leaf-mines are species-specific
Order Diptera Family Agromyzidae (leaf-miner flies)
Saphrophagous. small, delicate, mosquito-like flies; antennae long, plumose in males; wings narrow but without scales. Mouthparts reduced, most adults do not feed.
Order Diptera Family Chironomidae (non-biting midges)
Saphrophagous. Small, usually yellowish-brown or reddish, without long ovipositor in female. Arista plumose
Order Diptera Family Drosophilidae (small fruit fly)
Saphrophagous. Body often (but not always) with metallic blue or green reflection. Some are greyish (they look like house flies, be careful!). Meron (sclerite on the side of the thorax) with a row of strong bristles. Antennae with arista plumose for at least basal two-thirds.
Order Diptera Family Calliphoridae (blow flies, greenbottle flies)
Saphrophagous. Usually quite hairy, dull color (grey, black). Sponging mouthparts (compare with stable flies). Meron without a row of strong bristles.
Order Diptera Family Muscidae (house fly)
Parasitic. Robust, hairy, somewhat beelike. Head inflated. Mouthparts vestigial or lacking. Small sunken antennae. Parasitic larvae are large, fat, white and legless
Order Diptera Family Oestridae (botflies)
Parasitic. Often stout-bodied, hairy, sometimes with black and yellow pattern (bee mimics). Many species with long and slender proboscis. Wings often spotted. Without spurious vein.
Order Diptera Family Bombyliidae (bee flies)
Appearance of large mosquito with very long skinny legs. Halteres with long stalk (arrow). Do not bite nor sting. Various feeding habits in larval stage (on roots, on decaying vegetation, etc.). Adults do not feed.
Order Diptera Family Tipulidae (crane flies)
Four membranous wings, unequal in size, forewings longer (some are wingless). Wings held together by small hooks (hamuli) on hind wings. Antennae long (usually > 10 segments). Chewing mouthparts (in bees maxillae and labium form a tongue-like structure for taking liquid food)
Order Hymenoptera
Female ovipositor with rows of sharp teeth and compressed laterally (lay eggs in plant stems) - Larvae similar to Lepidoptera larvae (caterpillars), but have more abdominal prolegs (at least 6 pairs). Have only one stemmata (6 in caterpillars).
Order Hymenoptera
Suborder Symphyta
Sawflies
Large, with elongated cylindrical body. Last tergum in males and females with a small horn-like projection. Females with long ovipositor protected by ovipositor sheath. Pigeon tremex is a common eastern species of horntail. It is large (especially females, reaching about 5 cm), reddish-brown head and thorax, and abdomen black and yellow.
Order Hymenoptera
Suborder Symphyta
Family Siricidae (horntails)
The petiole (the narrow connection (“wasp waist”) seemingly between the thorax and abdomen) is in fact the greatly narrowed connection between abdominal segments 1 and 2. Hind wings with no more than two basal cells. Ovipositor is thin and cylindrical and sometimes very long - used to paralyze prey or as a stinging organ for defense. Various feeding habits.
Order Hymenoptera
Suborder Apocrita
Parasitoid. Antennae with more than 16 segments. Size extremely variable. Females often with long protruding ovipositor
Order Hymenoptera
Suborder Apocrita
Superfamily Ichneumonoidae
Predatory, solitary. Usually recognized by long, narrow, petiole
Order Hymenoptera
Suborder Apocrita
Family Sphecidae (thread-waisted wasp)
Predatory, social. Often marked with black and yellow; wings folded longitudinally when resting
Order Hymenoptera
Suborder Apocrita
Family Vespidae (paper wasp and yellowjackets)
