Lab final - Lab 2

Question 1

Entognatha (mouthparts within folds of the head); elongated body; distinct conical head; lacking antennae & eyes; forelegs are enlarged and held forward. Cerci absent

Answer 1

Order Protura (Proturans)

Question 2

Entognathous; body globular or elongated; variable in color; abdomen has forked structure (furcula) on ventral side of fourth abdominal segment and ventral tube (collophore) on first abdominal segment

Answer 2

Order Collembola (Springtails)

Question 3

Entognathous; long slender antennae; compound eyes and ocelli are absent; abdomen with two prominent cerci

Answer 3

Order Diplura (diplurans)

Question 4

Ectongathous; chewing mouthparts developed but weak; body cylindrical; thorax arched dorsally; body covered with scales; large compound eyes often touching the middle; ocelli present; long antennae; medial caudal filament and cerci present (cerci shorter)

Answer 4

Order Archaeognatha (bristletails)

Question 5

(same as bristletails except) body elongated and somewhat flattened; compound eye are small and widely separated or sometimes absent; ocelli present or absent; cerci almost equal to medial caudal filament; abdominal appendages present

Answer 5

Order Zygentoma

Silverfish (covered with silvery scales) & firebrats (yellowish-brown body)

Question 6

Four membranous wings with many veins, forewings are large & triangular, hind wings are small & rounded; antennae small, bristelike; mouthparts vestigial; male compound eyes large, female smaller; front legs in front of body
Look like damselflies with long caudal filaments/cerci and forelegs in front
Nymphs: chewing mouthparts, naiads, modified labium

Answer 6

Order Ephemeroptera (mayflies)

Question 7

Forewings and hindwings dissimilar in size and shape, base of hindwings wider than forewings; elongated head (same width as thorax)
Naiads: stout body; head narrow; gill pads in rectum

Answer 7

Order Odonata
Suborder Anisoptera (dragonflies)

Question 8

Often brightly colored; 2 pairs of elongated, veined wings; large compound eyes; small antennae; chewing mouthparts; small thorax; long/slender abdomen; cerci are clasping in males

Answer 8

Order Odonata

Question 9

Forewings and hindwings similar in size/shape; base of wings narrow; head transversely elongated (wider than thorax)
Naiad: slender body; head wider than thorax; leaflike gills

Answer 9

Order Odonata 
Suborder Zygoptera (damselflies)

Question 10

Body elongated; cylindrical and sticklike

Answer 10

Order Phasmatodea
Walking stick
One Candian species (Diapheromera femorata; Northern walking stick)

Question 11

Body flattened, leaf-like; don’t always have wings (if do forewings are leathery (tegmina)); chewing mouthparts; compound eyes are small; males: antennae long and slender, females: antennae shorter; short cerci; concealed ovipositor

Answer 11

Order Phasmatodea

Leaf insect

Question 12

Four wings; forewings leathery/thickened (tegmina); hind wings membranous, folded beneath forewings; chewing mouthparts; hind legs enlarged (saltatorial); cerci well developed

Answer 12

Order Orthoptera

Question 13

Often gray/brown; hind wings colorful; antennae much shorter than body; thick/stout ovipositor; tympana on sides of first abdominal segment; males have stridulatory organs; three or less segmented tarsi

Answer 13

Order Orthoptera
Suborder Caelifera (Short-horned orthoptera)

Question 14

Same as caelifera description. Tympanum present on first abdominal segment

Answer 14

Order Orthoptera
Suborder Caelifera
Family Acrididae (grasshoppers)

Question 15

Large, colorful caelifera

Answer 15

Order Orthoptera
Suborder Caelifera
Family Romaleidae (lubber grasshopper)

Question 16

Pronotum extends over abdomen; tegmina reduced; no auditory/stridulatory organ

Answer 16

Order Orthoptera
Suborder Caelifera
Family Tetrigidae (pygmy grasshopper)

Question 17

Often green/brown; long/fine antennae; tympana at base of front tibiae; stridulatory organs on forewings in males

Answer 17

Order Orthoptera
Suborder Ensifera (long-horned orthoptera)

Question 18

Robust; black/brown; ovipositor is needelike

Answer 18

Order Orthoptera
Suborder Ensifera
Family Gryllidae (field/house crickets)

Question 19

In family Gryllidae; slender, whitish or pale green; transparent forewings

Answer 19

Order Orthoptera
Suborder Ensifera
Family Gryllidae
Subfamily Oecanthinae (tree cricket)

Question 20

Usually green; laterally flattened; long, thick ovipositor, sometimes curved upward

Answer 20

Order Orthoptera
Suborder Ensifera
Family Tettigoniidae (katydids)

Question 21

Humpbacked shape; wingless

Answer 21

Order Orthoptera
Suborder Ensifera
Family Rhaphidophoridae (camel cricket)

Question 22

Head and abdomen large; short legs; wingless

Answer 22

Order Orthoptera
Suborder Ensifera
Family Stenopelmatidae (Jerusalem cricket)

Question 23

Enlarged digging (fossorial) legs; finely haired

Answer 23

Order Orthoptera
Suborder Ensifera
Family Gryllotalpidae (mole cricket)

Question 24

Body slender, elongated, finely haired and pale; wingless; small/no eyes; no ocelli; antennae long and filiform; chewing mouthparts; long cerci

Answer 24

Order Grylloblattodea (rock crawler)

Question 25

Prothorax elongated; raptorial forelegs with long coxae and strong spines; chewing mouthparts; filiform antennae; head triangular; well-developed compound eyes; tegmina forewings; has ootheca

Answer 25

Order Mantodea (Mantids)

Question 26

Order Mantodea; small size (about 5cm); presence of black spots at foreleg armpits

Answer 26

``` Order Mantodea Mantis religiosa (praying mantis) ```

Question 27

Order Mantodea; large species (about 7-10cm); brown with tegmina with green margin

Answer 27

``` Order Mantodea Tenodera sinensis (chinese mantis) ```

Question 28

Dorsoventrally flattened body; oval; head concealed by pronotum; chewing mouthparts; antennae long/filiform; cursorial legs; wings present or absent; tegmina; legs with spines (usually); has ootheca

Answer 28

Order Blattodea (cockroaches)

Question 29

Order Blattodea; light brown with two longitudinal stripes on pronotum; well developed wings but flightless

Answer 29

``` Order Blattodea Blattella germanica (german cockroach) ```

Question 30

Order Blattodea; shiny; dark brown; short, non-functional wings (females = stubs; males = 3/4 of body)

Answer 30

``` Order Blattodea Blatta orientalis (oriental cockroach) ```

Question 31

Order Blattodea; reddish/brown; 2 spots on pronotum (look like eye mimicry); well developed wings

Answer 31

``` Order Blattodea Periplaneta americana (american cockroach) ```

Question 32

Antennae monofiliform or filiform; chewing mouthparts; caste system;

Answer 32

``` Order Blattodea Suborder Isoptera (termites) ```

Question 33

Suborder Isoptera; two pairs of wings; forewings and hindwings similar in shape/size and veinless; wings are longer than body (female wings fall off after reproduction); enlarged abdomen; small head

Answer 33

Order Blattodea Suborder Isoptera (termites) Reproductive caste

Question 34

Suborder Isoptera; usually pale and weakly scletorized

Answer 34

Order Blattodea Suborder Isoptera (termites) Workers

Question 35

Suborder Isoptera; wingless; large; elongated and well sclerotized head; no eyes; large mandibles

Answer 35

Order Blattodea Suborder Isoptera (termite) Soldiers Exception: subfamily Nasutitermitinae have no mandibles but instead a projected snout