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clinpath > lab final > Flashcards

lab final Flashcards

1
Q

regenerative anemia is ____cytic

A

macrocytic

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2
Q

T/F

Fe deficiency anemia cells have decreased central pallor

A

FALSE - increased

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3
Q

microcytic cells are ____ anemia

A

iron deficiency

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4
Q

cell type seen in dogs with hemangiosarcoma

A

acanthocytes

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5
Q

cell seen in envenomation

A

echinocytes

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6
Q

2 cell types seen in fe def anemia

A

schistocytes and keratocytes

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7
Q

cells that have the hemoglobin shifted to one side are indicative of what

what are these called?

A

seen with heinz body formation!!
onion ingestion
oxidative damage

Called eccentrocytes

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8
Q

cells that lack central pallor and are indicative of IMHA

A

spherocytes

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9
Q

T/F

basophilic stippling is normal in ruminants

A

TRUE

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10
Q

when you see basophilic stippling in dogs/cats what is it indicative of

A

lead toxicity

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11
Q

1 DDx of heinz bodies in cats

A

acetaminophen

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12
Q

causes heinz bodies in horses

A

Phenothiazine; Wilted Red Maple Leaves

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13
Q

what are the ddx when you see howell jolly bodies in an anemic patient

A

corticosteroids

lead poisoning

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14
Q

what are the ddx when you see howell jolly bodies and no anemia

A

Splenectomy
or
Non-functioning spleen

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15
Q

Common cause of hemolytic anemia cats

and Peripherally located on RBC’s

A

Mycoplasma haemofelis

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16
Q

increase of banded neutrophils is diagnostic for

A

inflammation

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17
Q

hypersegmented neutrophil ddx

A

Corticosteroids; Letting blood sit around prior to making

blood film

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18
Q

high number of plasma cells seen

A

multiple myeloma

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19
Q

monocytes become _____ in tissue

A

macrophages

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20
Q

Large cells w/ segmented nuclei, pink cytoplasm and pink granules

A

eosinophils

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21
Q

eosinophils are indicative of

A

Non-RBC parasitism;
Hypersensitivity reaction;
Mast Cell Tumors

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22
Q

Least numerous WBC with large cell w/ bluecytoplasm and blue granules

Contain histamine & Heparin

A

basophils

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23
Q

basophils are indicative of

A

Allergic rxn; Parasitic (Heartworm disease)

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24
Q

blue top tube

A

citrate tube

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25
Q

what is in a citrate tube

A

anticoagulant

26
Q

what tube would you use for a coagulation panel

A

citrate (blue) top

27
Q

what tube do you use for serum

A

red top

tube contains nothing

28
Q

tube that contains heparin anticoagulant

A

green / heparin

29
Q

tube used to obtain plasma for biochemical tests

A

green

30
Q

use to maintain unclotted whole blood

A

purple top - edta tube

31
Q

what happens with inadequate filling of a purple top tuve

A

erythrocytes shrink – will give decreased PCV/MCV

also tube artificially elevates K+ and lowers Ca

32
Q

universal donor dog blood

A

DEA 4/5

33
Q

highly immunogenic dog blood type

A

DEA 1.1/1.2

34
Q

T/F

Can transfuse dog once w/o testing and have no reaction

A

true

35
Q

in a blood test, what does agglutination mean

A

POSITIVE for that type – can transfuse

36
Q

blood transfusion matching that will kill cat

A

type B blood has a strong response to type A - death

type A has a weak response to type B

37
Q

highly immunogenic blood types in horses

A
  • Aa & Qa = Highly immunogenic blood types indicated in neonatal isoerythrolysis – Foal ok until ingests colostrum
38
Q

type of cross match:

PATIENT’s serum with DONOR’s RBC’s

A

Major cross match

39
Q

type of cross match:

DONOR’s serum with PATIENT’s RBC

A

Minor cross match

40
Q

when do you use a mino cross match

A

ONly when patient is getting a plasma transfusion

41
Q

which type of cross match will you transfuse?

positive or negative

A

NEGATIVE

42
Q

cross match where you see no agglutination and no hemolysis ???

A

negative!! safe to transfuse!

43
Q

cross match where you see agglutination or hemolysis ?

A

positive!! DO NOT TRANSFUSE

44
Q

1 bacteria to see in urinalysis

A

E. Coli

45
Q

i found some parasites in my urine…

A

Giant Kidney Worm
or
Fecal contaminated urine

46
Q

i found some yeast or fungal hyphae in my urine

A

Check specimen age/storage condition
OR
Chronic antibiotic use;
Immunosuppression (FELV/FIV)

47
Q

what could be the differential diagnosis if you have squamous cells in your urinalysis

A

they are rarely pathogenic

could be sertoli cell tumor though

48
Q

what could be the DDx of finding transitional cells in your urinalysis

A

Bladder Polyps/ hyperplasia due to inflammation;

transitional cell tumors

49
Q

what do caudate cells in a urinalysis mean

A

Pyelonephritis

50
Q

what do renal cells in the urinalysis mean

A

Pyelonephritis;

toxic/infectious/ischemic injury

51
Q

what should you do if you suspect transitional cell carcinoma ?

A

send sample off for testing

52
Q

urinalysis crystal that is “Envelope” appearance, small, colorless, square and is normal in domestic
animals

A

Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate

53
Q

what are some ddx for Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate

A

Storage artifact; Min. Schnauzers predisposed to Ca Ox urolithiasis; Hypercalcemia; Hyperparathyroidism; ARF

54
Q

“Coffin Lid” appearance crystal in urinalyis

A

Struvite

55
Q

Struvite ddx

A

urease + bacterial UTI

56
Q

Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate is normal in what species

A

horses

57
Q

Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate most common ddx

A

ethylene glycol toxicosis

58
Q

urinalysis crystal common in horses, rabbits, guinea pigs,

goats

A

Calcium carbonate

59
Q

large sphere crystals with radial striations – turn urine brown

A

Calcium carbonate

60
Q

crystal that has no clinical significance, and is Yellow/Yellow-brown fine granular material that turns the urine Acidic

A

Amorphous

61
Q

orange/copper bundles that are normal in small amounts in the urine

A

bilirubin

62
Q

increased bilirubin in the urine could be

A

Icturus
R/O: Pre-hepatic; hepatic;
post-hepatic; Hemolysis (EVH); Hepatobiliary dz

clinpath (3 decks)

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