Lab Exam Exercises 2 Flashcards
Andrews et al. used which two methods to validate otolith aging methods in canary rockfish?
- lead radium dating
- bomb radiocarbon (C-14) dating
What 2 challenges exist in validating canary rockfish age estimates?
- they’re deep-dwelling
- they’re long-lived
What were two possible sources of variation in canary rockfish aging versus the pacific halibut reference chronology?
- underaging error
- oceanographic processes
How is the Reynold’s number calculated?
=10^6 X length in m X velocity in m/sec
regular, smooth movement of fluid over a surface
Laminar flow
Small areas of turbulence that reduce drag
vortices
The breakup of laminar flow
turbulence
Which model had the lowest drag at each velocity?
The full teardrop
Were there were any correlations between drag force and mass or surface area of the models at the highest stream velocity?
There was no apparent correlation
What is the equation for Frequency of Occurrence?
Oi = Ji/P Ji = # of fish containing prey i P = # of fish with food in stomach
What are the uses and shortcomings of frequency of occurrence data?
Use: It shows what is being eaten, indicates inter-specific competition, illustrates season changes
Shortcomings: Not quantitative, doesn’t account for organisms resistant to digestion
What is the equation for the number method?
Ni = # of specific food type / total # of food
Where is the number method useful and what is its shortcoming?
It’s useful for plankton feeders, but fails to capture food of different sizes.
What were the dominant inverts in our samples?
euphausiids
What are 3 functions of having a segmented fin?
- enhanced propulsion
- bending on contact with environment
- ability to dampen perturbations
what are two forms of thrust generated by ribbon fins?
Heave and surge
Ribbon fin oscillation creates what kind of thrust?
heave
Ribbon fin undulation creates what kind of thrust?
surge
Response that triggers C-start
mauthner response
