Lab exam 4 - twigs Flashcards
Beech
Fagaceae Fagus grandifolia
Pale Dogwood
Cornaceae Cornus amomum
Beech twig characteristics
terminal & lateral scaled buds are long thorn-looking spires, coming off main twig or at terminus of short stems
Red Maple
Aceraceae Acer Rubrum
Eastern Cottonwood
Salicaceae Populus deltoides
Eastern Cottonwood twig characteristics
star-shaped pith
Red maple twig characteristics
light grey bark, many round scaled buds at multiple termini, if lateral buds present held very close to the stem & very small
Pale Dogwood twig characteristics
red bark, leaf scars opposite
Silver Maple
Aceraceae Acer saccharinum
Silver Maple twig characteristics
brown/red bark, many round scaled buds at multiple termini, if lateral buds present held very close to the stem & very small
River Birch
Betulaceae Betula nigra
River Birch twig characteristics
twin shingled spire terminal buds
Glossy Buckthorn
Rhamnaceae Frangula alnus
Glossy Buckthorn twig characteristics
miniscule/near invisible leaf scars, terminal buds very small wooly
Black Cherry
Rosaceae Prunus serotina
Pin Oak twig identification
grey twig w/lateral branches, many pointed termini buds, dew-claw buds
Apple
Rosaceae Malus spp.
Apple twig identification
spurs (thick node-like bud stalks)
Pussy Willow
Salicaceae Salix discolor
Pussy Willow twig characteristics
thick acorn-like (in color & shine) lateral buds, some lateral buds (especially near the top) are much smaller
Tree of Heaven
Simaroubaceae Ailanthus altissima
Tree of Heaven twig identification
thickest twig in collection, odor near cut, huge leaf scars, near flat round buds
White Ash
Oleaceae Fraxinus americana
White Ash twig characteristics
thin prehensile looking grabbing branch
Cucumber tree
Magnoliaceae Magnolia acuminata
Cucumber tree twig identification
red bark, white-grey/green terminal buds
Pin Oak
Fagaceae Quercus palustris
Black Cherry twig identification
deep red bark, grey towards the end, several branchlets, small buds very red,
Pawpaw
Annonaceae Asimina triloba
Pawpaw twig identification
round dark ultra wooly buds , no branches
Black Walnut
Juglandaceae Juglans nigra
Black Walnut twig identification
chambered pith, thick twig, wooly white buds, lateral smaller than terminal buds
Black Oak
Fagaceae Quercus velutina
Black Oak twig identification
white wooly multiple terminal buds, all buds approximately the same size
Tulip Tree
Magnoliaceae Liriodendron tulipifera
Tulip tree twig identification
very dark brown bark, round leaf scars, green smooth-looking bud
basswood
Tiliaceae Tilia americana
Basswood twig identification
all buds small, acorn red; similar color bark after node, lateral buds point away from stem
Butternut
Juglandaceae Juglans cinerea
Butternut twig identification
chambered pith, large wooly terminal bud & smaller lateral buds, many wide thin leaf scars w/ lobes pointing away from bud, u shaped bundle scars
Slippery Elm
Ulmaceae Ulmus rubra
Slippery elm twig identification
dark grey before node, red after node; branchlet with many buds, buds small black w/red tips
Black Tupelo
Nyssaceae Nyssa sylvatica
Black Tupelo twig identification
pale tan/white bark, very small buds & leaf scars
Quaking Aspen
Salicaceae Populus tremuloides
Quaking Aspen twig identification
grey bark w/red undertone before node, red after node, very pointy small red lateral buds, thicker stubby scaled terminal buds
Sassafras
Lauraceae Sassafras albidum
Sassafras twig identification
green bark, wintergreen smell & taste
Shagbark Hickory
Juglandaceae Carya ovata
Shagbark Hickory twig identification
brown bark w/orange lenticels, white wooly terminal bud, lateral buds get bigger towards terminal, obvious leaf scars w/many bundle scars
Flowering dogwood
Cornaceae Cornus florida
Flowering dogwood twig identification
stem splits in multiple branchlets, all buds terminal, some spine-like some flat round & shingle scaled
Witch Hazel
Hamamelidaceae Hamamelis virginiana
Witch Hazel twig identification
yellow flower strings?
Black Locust
Fabaceae Robinia pseudoacaial
Black Locust twig identification
thorns, brown-red new growth bark