Lab Exam 3 - Skeletal Muscles and Their Actions (Exercise 14) Flashcards
Define Term: Origin
Point of attachment of the muscle tendon to the stationary bone (the bone which does not move with muscle contraction)
Define Term: Insertion
Point of attachment of the muscle tendon to the bone that moves with muscle contraction
Define Term: Action
The body movement that results from contraction of the muscle. During contraction, the insertion always moves toward the origin.
Define Term: Tendon
Tendons attach muscle to bone. They are extensions of the connective tissues surrounding the muscles, usually in long, parallel bundles. If the tendon is broad and flat, it is called an aponeurosis.
Understand the meaning of the folllowing terms with respect to muscle action: Flexor
A muscle that when contracted acts to bend a joint or limb in the body.
Understand the meaning of the folllowing terms with respect to muscle action: Extensor
A muscle that extends or straightens a limb or body part.
Understand the meaning of the folllowing terms with respect to muscle action: Abductor
A muscle that draws a body part, such as a finger, arm, or toe, away from the midline of the body or of an extremity.
Understand the meaning of the folllowing terms with respect to muscle action: Adductor
A muscle that draws a body part, such as a finger, arm, or toe, inward toward the median axis of the body or of an extremity.
Understand the meaning of the folllowing terms with respect to muscle action: Levator
A muscle that raises a bodily part.
Understand the meaning of the folllowing terms with respect to muscle action: Depressor
Any of various muscles that serve to draw down a part of the body.
Understand the meaning of the folllowing terms with respect to muscle action: Supinator
A muscle, especially in the forearm, that effects or assists supination.
Understand the meaning of the folllowing terms with respect to muscle action: Pronator
A muscle that effects or assists in pronation.
Understand the meaning of the folllowing terms with respect to muscle action: Sphincter
a ringlike muscle which closes a natural orifice or passage.
Understand the meaning of the folllowing terms with respect to muscle action: Tensor
A muscle that stretches or tightens a body part.
Understand the meaning of the folllowing terms with respect to muscle action: Rotator
A muscle that serves to rotate a part of the body.
Name the Origin, Insertion, and Action. Muscles of the Facial Expression: Frontalis
Origin: Epicranial Aponeurosis Insertion: Skin superior to superior to supraorbital margin Action: Raises eyebrows & wrinkles forehead
Name the Origin, Insertion, and Action. Muscles of the Facial Expression: Occipitalis
Origin: Occipital bone and mastoid process of the temporal bone Insertion: Epicranial Aponeurosis Action: Pulls scalp posteriorly
Name the Origin, Insertion, and Action. Muscles of the Facial Expression: Orbicularis oculi
Origin: Medial wall of orbit Insertion: Skin around margin of orbit Action: Closes Eye
Name the Origin, Insertion, and Action. Muscles of the Facial Expression: Zygomaticus Minor
Origin: Zygomatic Bone Insertion: Upper Lip Action: Raises upper lip, exposes upper teeth
Name the Origin, Insertion, and Action. Muscles of the Facial Expression: Zygomaticus Major
Origin: Zygomatic Bone Insertion: Skin and angle of mouth and orbicularis oris Action: Raises corner of mouth (smiling)
Name the Origin, Insertion, and Action. Muscles of the Facial Expression: Orbicularis Oris
Origin: muscle fibers surrounding mouth Insertion: Skin at the corner of mouth Action: Closes and purses lips
Name the Origin, Insertion, and Action. Muscles of the Facial Expression: Platysma
Origin: Fascia covering deltoid and pectoralis major Insertion: Mandible, Muscles around angle of mouth, and skin of lower face Action: Tenses neck skin, depresses mandible (pouting)
Name the Origin, Insertion, and Action. Muscles of the Mastication: Temporalis
Origin: Temporal Bone Insertion: Coronoid process and ramus of mandible Action: Elevates and retracts mandible
Name the Origin, Insertion, and Action. Muscles of the Mastication: Masseter
Origin: Maxilla and zygomatic arch Insertion: Ramus and angle of mandible Action: Elevates and retracts mandible
Name the Origin, Insertion, and Action. Muscles that move the Head and Neck: Sternocleidomastoid
Origin: Sternum and clavicle Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone Action: Bilateral contraction flexes head. Unilateral contraction laterally flexes head and rotates it to the opposite side
Name the Origin, Insertion, and Action. Muscles that move the Head and Neck: Splenius Capitus
Origin: Ligamentum nuchae and spinous proess of vertebrae C7-T12 Insertion: Clavical, Acromion of Scapula, and Spine of Scapula Action: Extends Head and Elevates Scapula
Name the Origin, Insertion, and Action. Muscles that move the Head and Neck: Trapezius
Origin: Occipital bone and spines of C7 through T12 Insertion: Clavical and Scapula Action: superior fibers elevate scapulae, middle fibers adduct scapulae, inferior fibers depress scapulae
Name the Origin, Insertion, and Action. Muscle that only moves the scapula: Levator Scapulae
Origin: Vertebrae C1-C5 Insertion: Superior Vertebra and Border of Scapula Action: Elevates Scapula and Rotates it Downward, Stabilizes Scapula
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 1.
- Orbicularis oculi
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 2.
- Orbicularis oris
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 3.
- platysma
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 4.
- Frontalis
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 5.
- Zygomaticus minor
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 6.
- Zygomaticus major
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 7.
- Occipitalis
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 8.
- Frontalis
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 9.
- Orbicularis oculi
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 10.
- Zygomaticus major
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 11.
- Buccinator
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 12.
- Orbicularis oris
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 13.
- Masseter
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 14.
- Temporalis
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 15.
- Lateral pterygoid
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 16.
- Medial pterygoid
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 17.
- Orbicularis oris
Selected Muscles of the Head. Define 18.
- Buccinator
Selected muscles of the chin and neck. Define 1.
- Splenius capitis
Selected muscles of the chin and neck. Define 2.
- sternocleidomastoid
Selected muscles of the chin and neck. Define 3.
- trapezius
Selected muscles of the chin and neck. Define 4.
- levator scapulae
Selected muscles of the chin and neck. Define 5.
- scalene
Selected muscles of the chin and neck. Define 6.
- digastric, anterior belly
Selected muscles of the chin and neck. Define 7.
- mylohyoid
Selected muscles of the chin and neck. Define 8.
- stylohyoid
Selected muscles of the chin and neck. Define 9.
- digastic, posterior belly
Selected muscles of the chin and neck. Define 10.
- omohyoid
Selected muscles of the chin and neck. Define 11.
- sternocleidomastoid
Selected muscles of the chin and neck. Define 12.
- sternohyoid
Selected muscles of the chin and neck. Define 13.
- mylohyoid
Selected muscles of the chin and neck. Define 14.
- scalenes
Selected muscles of the chin and neck. Define 15.
- Levator scapulae
Muscles of the anterior trunk. Define 1.
- Deltoid
Muscles of the anterior trunk. Define 2.
- Pectoralis Major
Muscles of the anterior trunk. Define 3.
- Pectoralis Minor
Muscles of the anterior trunk. Define 4.
- Serratus anterior
Muscles of the anterior trunk. Define 5.
- External Oblique
Muscles of the anterior trunk. Define 6.
- Rectus Abdominis