Lab Exam 2

Question 1

massive skull, last upper cheek tooth is longer than it is wide.

Answer 1

Ursus americanus, Ursidae

Question 2

six upper cheek teeth, extended palate

Answer 2

Procyon lotor, Procyonidae

Question 3

Smooth auditory bulla, gradual forehead rise

Answer 3

Canis latrans, Canidae

Question 4

Forehead rises abruptly,

Answer 4

Canis familiaris, Canidae

Question 5

six upper cheek teeth, temporal ridge forms a U

Answer 5

Urocyon cinereoargenteus, Canidae

Question 6

six upper cheek teeth, temporal ridge forms a V

Answer 6

Vulpes vulpes, Canidae

Question 7

Skull exceeds 60mm, anterior side of last upper cheek tooth not noticeably indented, from the side the skull has a continuous curve.

Answer 7

Mephitis mepthitis, mephitidae

Question 8

skull less than 130mm, exposed rootlet on outside of 4th upper cheek tooth

Answer 8

Martes pennanti, mustelidae

Question 9

5 upper cheek teeth with one peg-like one, no exposed rootlet

Answer 9

Martes americana, mustelidae

Question 10

triangular head and last upper cheek tooth

Answer 10

Taxidea taxus, mustelidae

Question 11

skull exceeds 55mm, last upper cheek tooth hourglass, four upper cheek teeth

Answer 11

Mustela vison, mustelidae

Question 12

skull between 35-55mm, last upper cheek tooth hourglass, postglenoid portion of skull more than 46% of skull

Answer 12

Mustela erminea, mustelidae

Question 13

skull less than 35mm, 4 upper cheek teeth

Answer 13

Mustela nivalis, mustelidae

Question 14

5 upper and lower cheek teeth, large infraorbital foramen, balances on foramen magnum

Answer 14

Lutra canadensis, mustelidae

Question 15

3 upper cheek teeth, width of presphenoid 6mm or less

Answer 15

Lynx rufus, Felidae

Question 16

3 upper cheek teeth, width of presphenoid greater than 6mm

Answer 16

Lynx canadensis, Felidae

Question 17

4 upper cheek teeth, less than 150mm

Answer 17

Felis catus, Felidae

Question 18

4 upper cheek teeth, greater than 150mm

Answer 18

Puma concolor, felidae

Question 19

Rodentia conditions

Answer 19

Sciuromorphous (small infraorbital foramen), hystricomorphous (huge infraorbital foramen), myomorphous (tear drop infraorbital foramen), aplodontid

Question 20

skull 57mm or more, non-bunodont dentition, more than 3 triangles in the first molar

Answer 20

Ondontra zibethicus, Muridae

Question 21

Three rows of cusps at cheek midtooth, bunodont dentition, skull around 25mm

Answer 21

Rattus norvegicus, Muridae

Question 22

2 rows of cusps at cheek midtooth, skull more than 25mm

Answer 22

Peromyscus maniculatus, Muridae

Question 23

shelf-like palate, skull less than 35mm

Answer 23

Clethtionomys gapperi, muridae

Question 24

palate supported by midline, three rentrent angles on either side of posterior upper cheek tooth

Answer 24

Microtus pennsylvanicus, muridae

Question 25

palate supported by midline, third upper molar having two closed triangles

Answer 25

Microtus pinetorum, muridae

Question 26

larger than 50mm, 5 upper cheek teeth (1 peg), ventral view infraorbital foramen not visible

Answer 26

Sciurus carolinesis, sciuridae

Question 27

longer than 50mm, 4 upper cheek teeth, ventral view infraorbital foramen not visible

Answer 27

Sciurus niger, sciuridae

Question 28

Longer than 40mm, ventral view infraorbital foramen not visible, three marks on auditory bulla

Answer 28

Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, sciuridae

Question 29

orange teeth, longer than 36mm, 4 upper cheek teeth

Answer 29

Tamias straitus, sciuridae

Question 30

skull between 36-40mm upper cheek tooth length greater than 7mm, 5 upper cheek teeth

Answer 30

Glaucomys species, sciuridae

Question 31

incisors usually white to pale yellow, postorbital process is 90 degrees to skull

Answer 31

Marmota monax, sciuridae

Question 32

Sciromorphous condition, opening from auditory bulla goes up

Answer 32

Castor canadensis, Castoridae

Question 33

hystricomorphous condition

Answer 33

Erethizon dorsatum, Erethizontidae

Question 34

very small skull, oval infraorbital foramen, four upper cheek teeth (1st is peg)

Answer 34

Zapus hudsonius, dipodidae

Question 35

very small skull 3 upper cheek teeth

Answer 35

Napaeozapus insignis, didpodidae

Question 36

posterior border of supraorbital process not connected, skull les than 88mm

Answer 36

Lepus americanus, leporidae

Question 37

supraorbital process connected, nasal and frontal bone smoothly connected

Answer 37

Sylvilagus floridanus, leporidae

Question 38

Parietal bone is x shaped, open ended orbit, upper incisor present

Answer 38

Sus scrofa, suidae

Question 39

Short nasal bone

Answer 39

Alces alces, cervidae

Question 40

less than 350mm, upper canine absent, males have antlers

Answer 40

Odocoilues virginianus, cervidae

Question 41

nasal cavity at rear margin not separated

Answer 41

Cervus elaphus, cervidae

Question 42

pre-maxillary usually has broad contact with nasal, little to no anterior orbital depression

Answer 42

Capra hircus, bovidae

Question 43

anterior orbit depression, pre-maxillary has little to no contact with the nasal.

Answer 43

Ovis aries, bovidae

Question 44

zygomatic arch visible from above, pre-maxillary almost and often makes contact with nasal

Answer 44

bos taurus, bovidae

Question 45

zygomatic arch covered from above, pre-maxillary is far from contact with the nasal

Answer 45

Bison bison, bovidae

Question 46

oribtal separation, extended nasal

Answer 46

Equus caballus, equidae