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Bio 319 (A&P) > Lab Exam 1 - AOIs > Flashcards

Lab Exam 1 - AOIs Flashcards

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1
Q

Obliques (external and internal)

A

Muscle group - Abdominal wall
Action - Compression of abdomen, flexion, and rotation of trunk
Origin - Ribs (external), iliac crest (internal)
Insertion - Iliac crest (external), ribs (internal);
Both

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2
Q

Transverse abdominis

A

Muscle group - Abdominal wall
Action - Compression of abdomen
Origin - Ribs and iliac crest
Insertion - Linea alba
Both

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3
Q

Rectus abdominus

A

Muscle group - Abdominal wall
Action - Flexion of trunk; compression of abdominal wall
Origin - Public crest
Insertion - Xiphoid process and ribs (5-7)
Both

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4
Q

Intercostals (external and internal)

A

Muscle group - Breathing muscles
Action - Elevation and depression of ribs
Origin - Superior border of ribs (external); inferior border of ribs (internal)
Insertion - Inferior border of ribs (external); superior border of ribs (internal)
Both

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5
Q

Diaphragm

A

Muscle group - Breathing muscles
Action - Opens thoracic cavity for lungs during inhalation
Origin - Ribs (5-10) and lumbar vertebrae
Insertion - Central tendon
Both

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6
Q

Frontalis

A

Muscle group - Muscles of the scalp
Action - Raises eyebrows
Origin - Epicranial aponeurosis
Insertion - Skin of eyebrows and root of nose
Human

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7
Q

Occipitalis

A

Muscle group - Muscles of the scalp
Action - Pulls scalp posteriorly
Origin - Occipital bone
Insertion - Epicranial aponeurosis
Human

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8
Q

Temporalis

A

Muscle group - Mastication
Action - Closes jaw; retracts mandible
Origin - Temporal fossa
Insertion - Coronoid process (mandible)
Human

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9
Q

Masseter

A

Muscle group - Mastication
Action - Closes jaw
Origin - Zygomatic arch
Insertion - Angle and ramus (mandible)
Both

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10
Q

Zygomaticus

A

Muscle group - Facial expression
Action - Elevates corners of mouth
Origin - Zygomatic bone
Insertion - Corner of mouth
Human

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11
Q

Buccinator

A

Muscle group - Facial expression
Action - Compression of cheek
Origin - Molar region (maxilla and mandible)
Insertion - Orbicularis oris
Human

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12
Q

Platysma

A

Muscle group - Facial expression
Action - Tenses skin of neck; depression of lower lip
Origin - Fascia of chest
Insertion - Mandible and corner of mouth
Human

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13
Q

Orbicular oculi

A

Muscle group - Facial expression
Action - Closes eyes
Origin - Frontal bone and maxilla
Insertion - Eyelids
Human

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14
Q

Orbicular oris

A

Muscle group - Facial expression
Action - Closes and protrudes lips
Origin - Maxilla and mandible
Insertion - Angles of mouth
Human

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15
Q

Levator labii superioris

A

Muscle group - Facial expression
Action - Elevation of upper lip
Origin - Zygomatic bone and infraorbital margin (maxilla)
Insertion - Upper lip
Human

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16
Q

Depressor labii inferioris

A

Muscle group - Facial expression
Action - Depression of lower lip
Origin - Body of mandible
Insertion - Lower lip
Human

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17
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Muscle group - Anterolateral neck
Action - Flexion and rotation of neck
Origin - Manubrium and clavicle
Insertion - Mastoid process (temporal bone)
Both

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18
Q

Scalenes

A

Muscle group - Anterolateral neck
Action - Elevation of ribs 1 & 2; rotation of neck
Origin - Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae (C3-C7)
Insertion - Ribs 1-2
Both

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19
Q

Serratus anterior

A

Muscle group - Anterior thorax
Action - Abduction and rotation of scapula
Origin - True ribs
Insertion - Medial border (scapula)
Both

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20
Q

Rhomboids

A

Muscle group - Anterior thorax
Action - Adduction and elevation of scapula
Origin - Spinous processes of vertebrae (C7-T5)
Insertion - Medial border (scapula)
Both

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21
Q

Splenius

A

Muscle group - Intrinsic muscles of back
Action - Rotation of head; extension of neck
Origin - Spinous processes of vertebrae (C7-T6)
Insertion - Temporal and occipital bone
Both

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22
Q

Diagastric

A

Muscle group - Anterior neck (Suprahyoid)
Action - Elevation of hyoid; opens mouth
Origin - Lower margin (mandible); mastoid process (temporal bone)
Insertion - Hyoid bone
Both

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23
Q

Mylohyoid

A

Muscle group - Anterior neck (Suprahyoid)
Action - Elevation of hyoid and floor of mouth
Origin - Medial surface (mandible)
Insertion - Hyoid bone
Both

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24
Q

Geniohyoid

A

Muscle group - Anterior neck (Suprahyoid)
Action - Elevation and protraction of hyoid bone
Origin - Mental tubercle
Insertion - Hyoid bone
Both

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25
Q

Sternohyoid

A

Muscle group - Anterior neck (Infrahyoid)
Action - Depression of hyoid and larynx
Origin - Manubrium (sternum)
Insertion - Hyoid bone
Both

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26
Q

Sternothyroid

A

Muscle group - Anterior neck (Infrahyoid)
Action - Depression of hyoid and larynx
Origin - Manubrium (sternum)
Insertion - Thyroid cartilage
Both

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27
Q

Thyrohyoid

A

Muscle group - Anterior neck (Infrahyoid)
Action - Depression of hyoid; elevation of larynx
Origin - Thyroid cartilage
Insertion - Hyoid bone
Both

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28
Q

Abdominal wall

A

External obliques
Internal obliques
Transverse abdominis
Rectus abdominis
Common action is compression of abdomen

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29
Q

Breathing muscles

A

External and internal intercostals - muscle fibers have different orientation
Diaphragm

30
Q

Diaphragm

A

Large, dome-shaped muscle
Main muscle used for breathing
Contraction - inhalation and diaphragm moves downward (flattens out to make space for abdominal cavity)
Relaxation - exhalation and diaphragm relaxes (returns to dome-shape)

31
Q

Muscles of head

A

Muscles of scalp - frontalis, occipitalis
Mastication - temporalis, masseter

32
Q

Facial expression

A

Zygomaticus
Buccinator
Platysma
Orbicular oris
Orbicular oculi
Levator labii superioris
Depressor labii inferioris

33
Q

Anterolateral neck

A

Sternocleidomastoid
Scalenes
Common motion is rotation of neck

34
Q

Anterior thorax

A

Anterior thorax - serratus anterior, rhomboids; both act on scapula
Intrinsic muscles of back - splenius; rotation of head and extension of neck

35
Q

Anterior neck

A

Suprahyoid - digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid; common action is elevation of hyoid
Infrahyoid - sternohyoid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid; common action is depression of hyoid

36
Q

Pectoralis major

A

Muscle group - Muscles crossing shoulder joint
Action - Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates arm
Origin - Clavicle, sternum, and ribs
Insertion - Humerus (intertubercular sulcus)
Both

37
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Muscle group - Muscles crossing shoulder joint
Action - Adducts, extends and medially rotates arm
Origin - Scapula, vertebral column, and iliac crest
Insertion - Humerus (intertubercular sulcus)
Both

38
Q

Deltoid

A

Muscle group - Muscles crossing shoulder joint
Action - Abducts, flexes, and rotates arm medially and laterally
Origin - Clavicle and scapula
Insertion - Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Both

39
Q

Trapezius

A

Muscle group - Posterior thorax
Action - Adducts and rotates scapula; elevation and depression of scapula
Origin - Superior nuchal line of occipital bone and vertebral column
Insertion - Lateral clavicle and scapular spine and acromion
Both

40
Q

Levator scapulae

A

Muscle group - Posterior thorax
Action - Elevation of scapula, lateral neck flexion
Origin - Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae (C1-C4)
Insertion - Medial border (scapula)
Both

41
Q

Pectoralis minor

A

Muscle group - Anterior thorax
Action - Stabilizes, abducts, and rotates scapula
Origin - Ribs 3-5
Insertion - Scapula (coracoid process)
Both

42
Q

Subscapularis

A

Muscle group - Shoulder joint
Rotator cuff muscle
Action - Medial rotation of arm, stabilizes humerus head in glenoid cavity
Origin - Subscapular fossa of scapula
Insertion - Lesser tubercle of humerus
Both

43
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Muscle group - Shoulder joint
Rotator cuff muscle
Action - Lateral rotation of arm, stabilizes humerus head in glenoid cavity
Origin - Infraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion - Greater tubercle of humerus
Both

44
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Muscle group - Shoulder joint
Rotator cuff muscle
Action - Abduction of arm, stabilizes humerus head in glenoid cavity
Origin - Supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion - Greater tubercle of humerus
Both

45
Q

Teres minor

A

Muscle group - Shoulder joint
Rotator cuff muscle
Action - Lateral rotation and adduction of arm, stabilizes humerus head in glenoid cavity
Origin - Lateral border of scapula
Insertion - Greater tubercle of humerus
Both

46
Q

Teres major

A

Muscle group - Shoulder joint
Action - Medial rotation, adduction, and extension of arm
Origin - Inferior angle and lateral border of scapula
Insertion - Intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Both

47
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

Muscle group - Shoulder joint
Action - Flexion and adduction of arm
Origin - Coracoid process of scapula
Insertion - Mid-shaft of humerus
Both

48
Q

Biceps brachii (long and short head)

A

Muscle group - Anterior arm muscles
Action - Supination and flexion of forearm
Origin - Supraglenoid tubercle and coracoid process of scapula
Insertion - Radial tuberosity
Both

49
Q

Brachialis

A

Muscle group - Anterior arm muscles
Action - Flexion of forearm
Origin - Anterior distal shaft of humerus
Insertion - Ulnar tuberosity and coracoid process of ulna
Both

50
Q

Triceps brachii (long, lateral, and medial head)

A

Muscle group - Posterior arm
Action - Extension of forearm; stabilizes shoulder joint
Origin - Infraglenoid tubercle (scapula) and proximal posterior shaft of humerus
Insertion - Olecranon process (ulna)
Both

51
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Muscle group - Anterior forearm
Action - Flexion of forearm; pronation of forearm (when supinated); supination of forearm (when pronated)
Origin - Distal shaft of humerus
Insertion - Styloid process of radius
Both

52
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

Muscle group - Anterior superficial forearm
Action - Wrist flexion and hand abduction
Origin - Medial epicondyle (humerus)
Insertion - Metacarpals II and III
Both

53
Q

Palmaris longus

A

Muscle group - Anterior superficial forearm
Action - Wrist flexion (weak)
Origin - Medial epicondyle (humerus)
Insertion - Palmar aponeurosis (sheet-like tendon)
Both

54
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Muscle group - Anterior superficial forearm
Action - Wrist flexion and hand adduction
Medial epicondyle of humerus and olecranon process and posterior border (ulna)
Insertion - Pisiform and hamate (carpal bones)
Both

55
Q

Pronator teres

A

Muscle group - Anterior superficial forearm
Action - Forearm pronation
Origin - Medial epicondyle (humerus) and coronoid process of ulna
Insertion - Lateral mid-shaft of radius
Both

56
Q

Flexor pollicis longus

A

Muscle group - Anterior deep forearm
Action - Flexion of thumb
Origin - Mid-shaft of radius; coronoid process (ulna)
Insertion - Distal phalanx of I (thumb)
Human

57
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus

A

Muscle group - Anterior deep forearm
Action - Flexion of wrist and fingers (2-5)
Origin - Proximal shaft of ulna
Insertion - Distal phalanges II-V
Both

58
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus

A

Muscle group - Posterior superficial forearm
Action - Extension of wrist and abduction of hand
Origin - Supracondylar ridge (humerus)
Insertion - Metacarpal II
Both

59
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Muscle group - Posterior superficial forearm
Action - Extension of wrist and abduction of hand
Origin - Lateral epicondyle (humerus)
Insertion - Metacarpal III
Both

60
Q

Extensor digitorum

A

Muscle group - Posterior superficial forearm
Action - Extension of wrist and fingers (2-5)
Origin - Lateral epicondyle (humerus)
Insertion - Phalanges II-V
Both

61
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Muscle group - Posterior superficial forearm
Action - Extension of wrist; adduction of wrist
Origin - Lateral epicondyle (humerus) and ulna
Insertion - Metacarpal V
Both

62
Q

Abductor pollicis longus

A

Muscle group - Posterior deep forearm
Action - Abduction and extension of thumb
Origin - Radius and ulna (both proximal posterior); Interosseous membrane
Insertion - Metacarpal I (base)
Both

63
Q

Extensor pollicis longus

A

Muscle group - Posterior deep forearm
Action - Extension of thumb
Origin - Ulna (posterior mid-shaft); Interosseous membrane
Insertion - Distal phalanx of thumb
Both

64
Q

Supinator

A

Muscle group - Posterior deep forearm
Action - Supination of forearm
Origin - Ulna (posterior proximal shaft); lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion - Radius (lateral proximal shaft)
Both

65
Q

Thorax

A

Posterior: Trapezius (superficial); levator scapulae (deep)
Anterior: Pectoralis minor (deep)

66
Q

Muscles crossing shoulder joint

A

Pectoralis major (superficial)
Latissimus dorsi (superficial)
Deltoid (superficial)

67
Q

Shoulder joint

A

Subscapularis (anterior scapula)
Infraspinatus
Supraspinatus
Teres minor
Teres major
Corocobrachialis

68
Q

Arm

A

Anterior: Biceps brachii (short and long head); brachialis (deep to biceps brachii)
Posterior: Triceps brachii (long, lateral, and medial head (deep))

69
Q

Anterior forearm

A

Anterior superficial: Brachioradialis; flexor carpi radialis; palmaris longus; flexor carpi ulnaris; pronator teres
Anterior deep: Flexor pollicis longus; flexor digitorum profundus

70
Q

Posterior forearm

A

Posterior superficial: Extensor carpi radialis longus; extensor carpi radialis brevis; extensor digitorum; extensor carpi ulnaris
Posterior deep: Abductor pollicis longus; extensor pollicis longus; supinator

Bio 319 (A&P) (6 decks)

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