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NUC0520 NUC150 Laboratory Order Transcription > Lab > Flashcards

Lab Flashcards

1
Q

What does the chemistry department do?

A

Performs tests related to the study of chemical reactions occurring in living organisms.

When a disease process occurs, the chemicals within the body fluid vary from normal. Any variance permits a diagnosis or evaluation of the patient’s health status to be made

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2
Q

What specimens can be analyzed for chemical components?

A
  • blood
  • urine
  • CSF
  • amniotic fluid
  • synovial fluid (joint)
  • sweat
  • stool
  • kidney stones
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3
Q

What are some basic chemistry tests (abbreviations) performed on blood and other body fluids?

A
  • Acid Phos
  • Alb
  • Alk Phos
  • Amy
  • AST (SGOT, GOT)
  • Barb Level
  • Bili T&D
  • BUN / urea
  • Ca / Ca++
  • Cl
  • Chol
  • CK / CPK
  • ckmb
  • Cr / Creat
  • Dig Level
  • HbA1c
  • HDL Chol
  • Fe / TIBC
  • LD / LDH
  • Drug Levels
  • PO / PO4
  • K
  • Prot
  • P Elect
  • Na
  • Trop / Trop Level
  • TSH
  • Uric Acid
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4
Q

Acid Phosphatase

Abbreviation – Acid Phos

A

Used in diagnosing metastatic carcinomas of the prostate gland and breast, among other uses.

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5
Q

Albumin

Abbreviation - alb

A

albumin is a protein that is formed within the liver. this makes up approximately 60% of the total protein. albumin transports important blood constituents such as drugs, hormones, and enzymes.

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6
Q

Alkaline Phosphatase

Abbreviation – Alk Phos

A

• used to evaluate bone and liver diseases, among other uses

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7
Q

Amylase

Abbreviation - Amy

A

this test is used to detect and monitor the clinical course of pancreatitis. it is frequently ordered when a patient presents with acute abdominal pain.

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8
Q

Aspartate Aminotransferase

Abbreviation: Ast (SGOT, GOT)

A

sometimes used as part of cardiac enzymes.

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9
Q

Barbiturate Level

Abbreviation – Barb Level

A

to determine the level of barbiturates in the patient’s system.

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10
Q

Bilirubin (Total & Direct)

Abbreviation – Bili T&D

A

measures liver function

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11
Q

Blood Urea Nitrogen

Abbreviation – BUN/urea

A

Useful in diagnosing diseases that affect kidney function.

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12
Q

Calcium

Abbreviation – Ca/Ca++

A

to determine if the level of calcium in blood is at normal levels

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13
Q

Chloride

Abbreviation – CL

A

this test is performed as a part of multiphase testing for what is usually called “electrolytes”. by itself, this test does not provide much information. however, with interpretation of the other electrolytes, chloride can give an indication of acid-base balance and hydration status.

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14
Q

Cholesterol

Abbreviation – Chol

A

• it is important that the food cholesterol, or high-density lipoproteins (HDL), be measured in relationship to total cholesterol.

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15
Q

Creatinine Kinase

Abbreviation – CK/CPK

A

this test is used to support the diagnosis of myocardial muscle injury (infarction). it can also indicate neurologic or skeletal muscle diseases.

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16
Q

Creatinine Kinase M.B.

Abbreviation – ckmb

A

the MB on the end of CK relates directly to the isoenzyme of the cardiac muscle. this test is an extended cardiac enzyme giving a more definitive diagnosis of myocardial infarction.

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17
Q

Creatinine

Abbreviation – Cr/Creat

A

often ordered to ensure the kidneys are functioning correctly and monitor the treatment of kidney disease

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18
Q

Digoxin Level

Abbreviation – Dig Level

A

Measures the body’s use of digoxin. This level must be drawn 6 hours after a regularly scheduled dose.

19
Q

Glycosylated Hemoglobin (Hemoglobin A1C)

Abbreviation – HbA1c

A

This test is a reflection of the blood glucose on the red blood cells during the past 3 months

20
Q

HDL Cholesterol

Abbreviation – HDL Chol

A

Good cholesterol, often done in conjunction with total cholesterol.

21
Q

Iron / Total Iron Binding Capacity

Abbreviation – Fe/TIBC

A

This test is useful in diagnosing anemia, some infections and cirrhosis of the liver.

22
Q

Lactate-dehydrogenase

Abbreviation – LD/LDH

A

a component of cardiac enzymes. LDH is an enzyme released into the circulation after tissue damage to heart, liver, kidney, brain, or skeletal muscle

23
Q

Drug Levels

A

Many patients are tested for drug levels, based on the type of drug and how long the patient has been taking the drug. Most often the test is done 6hrs. after the last dose of medication. These are not to evaluate how the patient’s body is utilizing the medication.

24
Q

Phosphate / Phosphorus

Abbreviation – PO/PO4

A

to evaluate the level of phosphorus in your blood and to aid in the diagnosis of conditions known to cause abnormally high or low levels

25
Q

Potassium

Abbreviation – K

A

to determine whether your potassium concentration is within normal limits and to help evaluate an electrolyte imbalance; to monitor chronic or acute hyperkalemia or hypokalemia

26
Q

Protein Total

Abbreviation – Prot

A

ordered to determine your nutritional status or to screen for certain liver and kidney disorders as well as other diseases

27
Q

Protein Electrophoresis

Abbreviation – P Elect

A

To help diagnose and monitor multiple myeloma and a variety of other conditions that affect protein absorption, production, and loss as seen in severe organ disease and altered nutritional states

28
Q

Sodium

Abbreviation – Na

A

to determine whether your sodium concentration is within normal limits and to help evaluate electrolyte balance and kidney function.

29
Q

Troponin

Abbreviation – Trop / Trop level

A

A chemistry test used to diagnose a myocardial infarct (both before & after the event).

30
Q

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

Abbreviation – TSH

A

to screen for and help diagnose thyroid disorders; to monitor treatment of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism

31
Q

Uric Acid

A

to detect high levels of uric acid, which could be a sign of the condition gout, or to monitor uric acid levels when undergoing chemotherapy or radiation treatment

32
Q

LFT’s or Liver Profile

A
  1. ALT – Alanine Aminotransferase
  2. AST – Aspartate Aminotransferase
  3. ALP (or Alk Phos) – Alkaline Phosphatase
  4. GGT – Gamma Glutamic Transpeptidase
  5. Bili T& D – Bilirubin Total and Direct
  6. Alb. - Albumin
33
Q

Cardiac Enzymes

A
  1. ALT
  2. AST
  3. LD
  4. CK
  5. TROPIN
34
Q

Lytes

A
  1. Sodium
  2. Potassium
  3. Chloride
  4. Total Co2 (Bicard, HCO3)
35
Q

Lipid Profile

A
  1. Total cholesterol
  2. Triglycerides
  3. HDL cholesterol
  4. LDL cholesterol
36
Q

What are the 11 steps of the Biochemistry check list?

A
  1. Scan the Physicians order and previous order
  2. Fax order to Pharmacy if there are meds
  3. Check and double check patient’s name
  4. Transcribe the order onto the Kardex. Symbolize the PO - K
  5. Complete the requisition from the Physician’s order and include the following:
    - Addressograph / label
    - room and bed #
    - date to be done
    - time to be done
    - diagnosis
    - ordered by
    - test name
    - any miscellaneous information prn
    - is pt. on anticoagulants – yes/no
    - tick off appropriate test with S or R
    - use the Other Tests area of the req. for those tests that are not listed ex. FSP, PT etc.
    - fasting blood work is to be done on a separate requisition
    - complete Daily Blood work Card prn
  6. Symbolize the PO - RMO
  7. If it is a STAT order call the Lab (accessioning). Symbolize the PO – Dept Aware. STAT biochemistry orders are not transcribed to the Kardex.
  8. Fax requisition to Lab. Fax stamp the req. and include date and time.
  9. Sign Off
  10. Stuff chart prn
  11. Flag chart for RN
37
Q

What is a fasting blood test?

A

Some hematology and chemistry tests require that the patient be fasting for a certain period of time prior to the sample being drawn.

38
Q

When can fasting bloodwork be ordered for?

A

Always be done the following day unless the patient is already NPO, then it can be drawn the same day as it is ordered.

Refer to Sharon’s notes.

39
Q

What should you write on the Kardex in the Nutrition Section for:

a) an 8 hour fast
b) a 10 hour fast
c) a 12 hour fast

A

a) NPO 2300 (FBW)
b) NPO 2100 (FBW)
c) NPO 1900 (FBW)

40
Q

What should you write on the Kardex in the Lab Section for any fasting blood work?

A

a) FBS for (date)

b) Lipid Profile for (date)

41
Q

What are 4 tests that require an 8 hour fast?

A
  1. Cryoglobulins
  2. Glucose fasting (FBS)
  3. Fasting Phosphate, P, PO4 (test must be designated fasting or will be a routine test for PO4)
  4. Viscosity
42
Q

What are 2 tests that require a 10 hour fast?

A
  1. Gastrin

2. Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT)

43
Q

What are 4 tests that require a 12 hour fast?

A
  1. Cholesterol
  2. HDL Cholesterol
  3. Triglycerides
  4. LDL
44
Q

What are the 11 steps of the Fasting Bloodwork check list?

A
  1. Scan the Physicians order and previous order
  2. Fax order to Pharmacy if there are meds
  3. Check and double check patient’s name
  4. Transcribe the order onto the Kardex. Symbolize the PO - K

ex: FBS for _____________ (date)
Lipid Profile for ____________(date)

  1. Transcribe FBW in the Diet/Nutrition section of Kardex like this:
  • for an 8 hour fast. - NPO > 2300 (FBW)
  • for a 10 hour fast - NPO > 2100 (FBW)
  • for a 12 hour fast - NPO > 1900 (FBW)
  1. Complete the requisition from the Physician’s order and include the following:
  • addressograph/label
  • room and bed #
  • date to be done
  • time to be done
  • diagnosis
  • ordered by
  • test name
  • any miscellaneous information prn
  1. Symbolize the PO – RMO, I/C (to hold tray until FBW is done)
  2. Fax requisition to Lab. Fax stamp the req. and include date and time.
  3. Sign Off
  4. Stuff chart prn
  5. Flag chart for RN

NUC0520 NUC150 Laboratory Order Transcription (12 decks)

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