Lab 8: Mitotic Cell Division

Question 1

Name and briefly describe the five phases of mitosis.

Answer 1

1. Prophase: The longest phase of mitosis where the chromosomes become shorter and thicker.
2. Prometaphase: Chromosomes duplicate and become clearly visible under microscope. Spindle fibers attach to the kinetochores.
3. Metaphase: Chromosomes that are attached to the spindle fibers move to the metaphase plate.
4. Anaphase: Sister chromatids seperate and the spindle fibers and new and old chromosome pull towards opposite ends of the cell.
5. Telophase: Chromosomes begin to uncoil and a nuclear memberane and nucleoli are reconstituted at each pole, creating two nuclei with identical sets of chromosomes.

Question 2

Describe the stages of interphase.

Answer 2

G1 - the cell begins to grow and synthesizes proteins necessary for DNA replication and cell division while still performing normal functions.

S - DNA replication occurs, resulting in the synthesis of an identical copy of each chromosome to ensure that each daughter cell will receive a complete set of genetic material during cell division.

G2 - The cell continues to grow and prepares for cell division by creating proteins and organelles that are necessary for mitosis and meiosis.

Question 3

What is the difference in cytokinesis in plants vs animal cells?

Answer 3

Cytokinesis formation of a cleavage furrow in animal cells or the construction of a cell plate in plant cells.

Cleavage Furrow: A shallow groove that appears on the cell surface near the equator of the cell during cytokinesis. As the cleavage furrow deepens, it eventually pinches the cell in two, leading to the completion of cell division.

Cell plate: A flattened, disk-shaped structure made of vesicles derived from the golgi apparatus, that fuses with the plasma membrane, dividing the cytoplasm of the parent cell into two daughter cells.

Question 4

Name the stage of mitosis seen in the image.

Answer 4

Premetaphase

Question 5

Name the stage of mitosis seen in the image.

Answer 5

Anaphase

Question 6

Name the stage of mitosis seen in the image.

Answer 6

Interphase

Question 7

Name the stage of mitosis seen in the image.

Answer 7

Prophase

Question 8

Name the stage of mitosis seen in the image.

Answer 8

Telophase

Question 9

Name the stage of mitosis seen in the image.

Answer 9

Metaphase Polar View

Question 10

Name the stage of mitosis seen in the image.

Answer 10

Metaphase Lateral View