Lab 8: Digestive System Anatomy

Question 1

What are the general structures of the digestive system?

Answer 1

Teeth, salivary glands, oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, mesentery, large intestine, anus, liver, gall bladder, and pancreas.

Question 2

What are the different teeth?

Answer 2

(Medial to lateral)
Incisors (central, lateral), canines, premolars (first, second), molars (first, second, third)

Question 3

What are the different salivary glands?

Answer 3

Parotid (cheek, inferior to ear), submandibular (in jaw), sublingual

Question 4

What are the structures of the oral cavity?

Answer 4

Hard palate, soft palate, uvula, and tongue

Question 5

What are the digestive structures of the pharynx?

Answer 5

Oropharynx and laryngopharynx

Question 6

What are the structures of the stomach?

Answer 6

Greater curvature (outer curve), greater omentum (CT [adipose] hanging off the stomach), lesser curvature (inner curve), cardia (inside, entrance area), fundus (inside, big bump), body (inside, below fundus), rugae (folds), pylorus (inside, exit), pyloric sphincter (@ end of pylorus).

Question 7

What are the macro structures of the small intestine?

Answer 7

1st: duodenum (not twisty), 2nd: jejunum (twisty), 3rd: ilium attached to large intestine

Question 8

What are the micro structures of the small intestine?

Answer 8

Villi (tentacles), mucosa: villi, simple columnar epithelium, lamina propria, capillaries, lacteals, Peyer’s patches (whole (white) area inside mucosa, submucosa: blood vessels, irregular connective tissues, lymph nodes, muscularis (below submucosa), serosa (below muscularis)

Question 9

What is the mesentery?

Answer 9

Intestine tissue that holds the intestines together

Question 10

What are the structures of the large intestine?

Answer 10

Haustra (pouches), taenia coli (middle band of smooth muscle), cecum (dead end structure inferior to ascending colon attaching to appendix), ascending colon (1st part up), transverse colon (horizontal section), descending colon (down), sigmoid colon (squiggle b4 rectum), rectum (@end of descending colon)

Question 11

What do the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas look like?

Answer 11

Liver: huge multilobed organ superior to stomach, inferior to diaphragm
Gallbladder: inferior to liver
Pancreas: in bend of duodenum, granular bumpy organ