Lab 8 Flashcards
the appendicular skeleton consists of..
pectoral girdle and the arm bones
pelvic girdle and the leg bones
what bones articulates with at the acromial end of the clavicle?
the scapula
what bone articulates at the sternal end of the clavicle?
the sternum (clavicular notch)
on the scapula, what is the scapular spine the site of attachment for?
site of attachments of trapezius and deltoid muscles, laterally becomes acromion process
what sits in the supraspinous fossa?
the supraspinatus muscle sits in this fossa
what sits in the infraspinous fossa?
the infraspinous muscle sits in this fossa
what is the acromion process?
tip of the shoulder
what attaches to the coracoid process?
three muscles- coracobrachialis, pectoralis minor, short head of the biceps brachii
what fits in the glenoid cavity?
head of the humerus
what articulates with the head of the humerus?
the glenoid cavity of the humerus
what attaches to the greater tubercle?
3 rotator cuff muscles
what attaches to the lesser tubercle?
subscapularis muscle inserts there
what is the intertubercular groove for?
the tendon of biceps brachii
what inserts at the deltoid tuberosity?
deltoid muscle
what originates at the medial epicondyle?
origin of wrist flexor muscles
what originates at the lateral epicondyle?
origin of extensor muscles
what articulates with the trochlea?
the ulna
what articulates with the capitulum?
the radius
ulna- olecranon process, what inserts here?
triceps brachii, forms the elbow
what articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna?
the trochlea of humerus
what is the styloid process of the luna?
a surface landmark that you can palpate
radius- what articulates with the head of the radius?
the capitulum of humerus and the radial notch of ulna
what is the neck of the radius held to?
held to the ulna by an anular ligament
what inserts in the radial tuberosity of radius?
biceps brachii
what is the styloid process of radius?
surface landmark, palpable
what bones make up the carpus, metacarpus, and phalanges?
carpal, metacarpals, and phalanx bones
what is the classification of carpals and how many are there?
8 carpal bones- short bones
what is the classification of metacarpals and what do they form?
long bones, form the palm of your hand
how are the phalanges organized?
numbered 1-5 from lateral (thumb) to medial, have proximal, distal and middle phalanges
the radius and ulna articulate with each other both proximally and distally at small joints called? they are connecting along their length by a flexible..?
called radioulnar joints, flexible interosserous membrane
3 bones that make up each hip bone?
ilium, pubis, ischium
what does the iliac fossa of the hip bone help support?
the abdominal organs and iliacus muscle originates here
what articulates at the acetabulum?
the femur
what is the ischial tuberosity?
you sit on them, muscles of the hamstring group originate here
what runs through the obturator foramen?
a large nerve
what joins with the symphyseal surface?
the opposite pubic bone to form the pubic symphysis
what articulates with the auricular surface?
the sacrum
what does the pelvis consist of?
right and left hip bones, sacrum, coccyx
what is the anterior joint between the pubic bones of the hip bones called?
pubic symphysis
what are the posterior joints between the hip bones and the sacrum called?
right and left sacroiliac joints
4 ways the female pelvic differs from the male pelvis?
- pubic angle is broader
- acetabula is smaller and further apart
- tilted more forward
- lighter and less thick bones
head of femur articulates with?
acetabulum of hip
neck of femur is often a site of ?
fracture
greater trochanter is the insertion site for?
gluteus medius and minimus, deep lateral rotator muscles
lesser trochanter is a site of attachment for?
iliopsoas muscle
what inserts at the gluteal tuberosity?
the gluteus maximus
what articulates with the patellar surface?
the patella
what does the patella do and how would u classify it?
protects the knee joint anteriorly and improves leverage of the thigh muscles.
prevents friction from occurring where the quadriceps tendon crosses the joint.
-flat bone/ sesmoid
what are the two condyles on the tibia called?
medial tibial condyle and lateral tibial condyle
what is the medial malleolus on ur body?
the medial ankle bone
the head of the fibula articulates with?
the tibia
the lateral melleolus of the fibula is?
the lateral ankle bone
how many tarsal bones are there and which is the heel bone?
7 tarsal bones.
the calcaneus is the heel bone
sacroiliac is the joint between?
the sacrum and the ilium of the coxal bone
what type of cartilage forms the pubic symphysis joint?
fibrocartilage, superior rami of both pubic bones join at their symphyseal surfaces with cartilage to form the pubic symphsis
what joint is the most complex in the body?
the knee joint. subject to more than usual wear and tear due to the weight-bearing loads/
what type of cartilage forms the menisci?
fibrocartilage
what are the functions of the lateral and medial menisci?
provide support to protect from side to side rocking
there are cruciate ligaments, anterior and posterior, what are their functions?
to hold knee in place and provide stability
what type of tissue forms tendons and ligaments?
dense irregular CT
what ligaments are usually torn from blow to the lateral side of the knee/
MCL and ACL
what happens when skeletal muscle contracts?
bone moves
where does the movement of bone occur?
at joints or articulations
joints are classified based on function and structure. what is structural classification vs. functional classification?
functional- amount of movement at the joint
structural- tissues holding bones together
what is synarthrosis?
no movement;
suture, gomphosis, synchondrosis, synostosis
what is ampiarthrosis?
slight movement; syndesmosis, symphysis
what is diarthrosis?
freely moveable, synovial
what is a suture?
sheet of dense fibrous CT connecting 2 cranial bones
example: skull
what is gomphosis?
periodontal ligament formed from dense fibrous CT, holds tooth in bony socket
what is synchondrosis?
rigid bridge of hyaline cartilage holds 2 bones together
example: first rib meets sternum
what is synostosis?
bone tissue fuses 2 bones
when suture fully ossifys
what is syndesmosis?
sheet of fibrous ct or band of fibrous ct holds 2 bones together, tibia to fibula
what is symphysis?
wedge or pad of fibrous cartilage holds 2 bones together
intervertebral cartilages
what is synovial?
a fluid filled capruls enclosing the joint between 2 ones
example: joints of arms and legs
what are the 6 synovial joints?
gliding joint, saddle joint, pivot joint, ellipsoidal joint, hinge joint, ball and socket joint
basic structure of a synovial joint: articular cartilage is composed of what tissue?
joint cavity is filled with?
hyaline tissue
fluid
articular capsule is composed of two layers?
dense irregular ct and synovial membrane
