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bio 152 (lab 6-11) > Lab 8 > Flashcards

Lab 8 Flashcards

1
Q

the appendicular skeleton consists of..

A

pectoral girdle and the arm bones

pelvic girdle and the leg bones

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2
Q

what bones articulates with at the acromial end of the clavicle?

A

the scapula

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3
Q

what bone articulates at the sternal end of the clavicle?

A

the sternum (clavicular notch)

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4
Q

on the scapula, what is the scapular spine the site of attachment for?

A

site of attachments of trapezius and deltoid muscles, laterally becomes acromion process

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5
Q

what sits in the supraspinous fossa?

A

the supraspinatus muscle sits in this fossa

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6
Q

what sits in the infraspinous fossa?

A

the infraspinous muscle sits in this fossa

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7
Q

what is the acromion process?

A

tip of the shoulder

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8
Q

what attaches to the coracoid process?

A

three muscles- coracobrachialis, pectoralis minor, short head of the biceps brachii

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9
Q

what fits in the glenoid cavity?

A

head of the humerus

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10
Q

what articulates with the head of the humerus?

A

the glenoid cavity of the humerus

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11
Q

what attaches to the greater tubercle?

A

3 rotator cuff muscles

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12
Q

what attaches to the lesser tubercle?

A

subscapularis muscle inserts there

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13
Q

what is the intertubercular groove for?

A

the tendon of biceps brachii

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14
Q

what inserts at the deltoid tuberosity?

A

deltoid muscle

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15
Q

what originates at the medial epicondyle?

A

origin of wrist flexor muscles

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16
Q

what originates at the lateral epicondyle?

A

origin of extensor muscles

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17
Q

what articulates with the trochlea?

A

the ulna

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18
Q

what articulates with the capitulum?

A

the radius

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19
Q

ulna- olecranon process, what inserts here?

A

triceps brachii, forms the elbow

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20
Q

what articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna?

A

the trochlea of humerus

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21
Q

what is the styloid process of the luna?

A

a surface landmark that you can palpate

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22
Q

radius- what articulates with the head of the radius?

A

the capitulum of humerus and the radial notch of ulna

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23
Q

what is the neck of the radius held to?

A

held to the ulna by an anular ligament

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24
Q

what inserts in the radial tuberosity of radius?

A

biceps brachii

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25
Q

what is the styloid process of radius?

A

surface landmark, palpable

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26
Q

what bones make up the carpus, metacarpus, and phalanges?

A

carpal, metacarpals, and phalanx bones

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27
Q

what is the classification of carpals and how many are there?

A

8 carpal bones- short bones

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28
Q

what is the classification of metacarpals and what do they form?

A

long bones, form the palm of your hand

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29
Q

how are the phalanges organized?

A

numbered 1-5 from lateral (thumb) to medial, have proximal, distal and middle phalanges

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30
Q

the radius and ulna articulate with each other both proximally and distally at small joints called? they are connecting along their length by a flexible..?

A

called radioulnar joints, flexible interosserous membrane

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31
Q

3 bones that make up each hip bone?

A

ilium, pubis, ischium

32
Q

what does the iliac fossa of the hip bone help support?

A

the abdominal organs and iliacus muscle originates here

33
Q

what articulates at the acetabulum?

A

the femur

34
Q

what is the ischial tuberosity?

A

you sit on them, muscles of the hamstring group originate here

35
Q

what runs through the obturator foramen?

A

a large nerve

36
Q

what joins with the symphyseal surface?

A

the opposite pubic bone to form the pubic symphysis

37
Q

what articulates with the auricular surface?

A

the sacrum

38
Q

what does the pelvis consist of?

A

right and left hip bones, sacrum, coccyx

39
Q

what is the anterior joint between the pubic bones of the hip bones called?

A

pubic symphysis

40
Q

what are the posterior joints between the hip bones and the sacrum called?

A

right and left sacroiliac joints

41
Q

4 ways the female pelvic differs from the male pelvis?

A
  • pubic angle is broader
  • acetabula is smaller and further apart
  • tilted more forward
  • lighter and less thick bones
42
Q

head of femur articulates with?

A

acetabulum of hip

43
Q

neck of femur is often a site of ?

A

fracture

44
Q

greater trochanter is the insertion site for?

A

gluteus medius and minimus, deep lateral rotator muscles

45
Q

lesser trochanter is a site of attachment for?

A

iliopsoas muscle

46
Q

what inserts at the gluteal tuberosity?

A

the gluteus maximus

47
Q

what articulates with the patellar surface?

A

the patella

48
Q

what does the patella do and how would u classify it?

A

protects the knee joint anteriorly and improves leverage of the thigh muscles.
prevents friction from occurring where the quadriceps tendon crosses the joint.
-flat bone/ sesmoid

49
Q

what are the two condyles on the tibia called?

A

medial tibial condyle and lateral tibial condyle

50
Q

what is the medial malleolus on ur body?

A

the medial ankle bone

51
Q

the head of the fibula articulates with?

A

the tibia

52
Q

the lateral melleolus of the fibula is?

A

the lateral ankle bone

53
Q

how many tarsal bones are there and which is the heel bone?

A

7 tarsal bones.

the calcaneus is the heel bone

54
Q

sacroiliac is the joint between?

A

the sacrum and the ilium of the coxal bone

55
Q

what type of cartilage forms the pubic symphysis joint?

A

fibrocartilage, superior rami of both pubic bones join at their symphyseal surfaces with cartilage to form the pubic symphsis

56
Q

what joint is the most complex in the body?

A

the knee joint. subject to more than usual wear and tear due to the weight-bearing loads/

57
Q

what type of cartilage forms the menisci?

A

fibrocartilage

58
Q

what are the functions of the lateral and medial menisci?

A

provide support to protect from side to side rocking

59
Q

there are cruciate ligaments, anterior and posterior, what are their functions?

A

to hold knee in place and provide stability

60
Q

what type of tissue forms tendons and ligaments?

A

dense irregular CT

61
Q

what ligaments are usually torn from blow to the lateral side of the knee/

A

MCL and ACL

62
Q

what happens when skeletal muscle contracts?

A

bone moves

63
Q

where does the movement of bone occur?

A

at joints or articulations

64
Q

joints are classified based on function and structure. what is structural classification vs. functional classification?

A

functional- amount of movement at the joint

structural- tissues holding bones together

65
Q

what is synarthrosis?

A

no movement;

suture, gomphosis, synchondrosis, synostosis

66
Q

what is ampiarthrosis?

A

slight movement; syndesmosis, symphysis

67
Q

what is diarthrosis?

A

freely moveable, synovial

68
Q

what is a suture?

A

sheet of dense fibrous CT connecting 2 cranial bones

example: skull

69
Q

what is gomphosis?

A

periodontal ligament formed from dense fibrous CT, holds tooth in bony socket

70
Q

what is synchondrosis?

A

rigid bridge of hyaline cartilage holds 2 bones together

example: first rib meets sternum

71
Q

what is synostosis?

A

bone tissue fuses 2 bones

when suture fully ossifys

72
Q

what is syndesmosis?

A

sheet of fibrous ct or band of fibrous ct holds 2 bones together, tibia to fibula

73
Q

what is symphysis?

A

wedge or pad of fibrous cartilage holds 2 bones together

intervertebral cartilages

74
Q

what is synovial?

A

a fluid filled capruls enclosing the joint between 2 ones

example: joints of arms and legs

75
Q

what are the 6 synovial joints?

A

gliding joint, saddle joint, pivot joint, ellipsoidal joint, hinge joint, ball and socket joint

76
Q

basic structure of a synovial joint: articular cartilage is composed of what tissue?
joint cavity is filled with?

A

hyaline tissue

fluid

77
Q

articular capsule is composed of two layers?

A

dense irregular ct and synovial membrane

bio 152 (lab 6-11) (6 decks)

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