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bio 152 (lab 6-11) > Lab 11 > Flashcards

Lab 11 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

scrotum- function

A

houses testes

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2
Q

testes- function

A

produces sperm and testosterone

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3
Q

epididymis- function

A

storage and maturation of sperm

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4
Q

ductus deferens- function

A

conveys sperm from epididymis to ejaculatory duct during ejaculation

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5
Q

seminal vesicle- function

A

secretes alkaline fluid containing fructose, fibrinogen, and prostaglandins

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6
Q

ejaculatory duct- function

A

conveys sperm and semen from ductus deferens and seminal vesicles to urethra

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7
Q

prostate gland- function

A

secretes seminal plasmin to kill bacteria in UT

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8
Q

bulbourethral gland- function

A

secretes alkaline mucus prior to ejaculation for lubricating glans penis and neutralizing urinary aacids

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9
Q

urethra- function

A

carries urine and semen outside of body

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10
Q

corpora cavernosa- function

corpora spongiosum- function

A

erectile bodies that become engorged with blood to produce erection,
erectile body surrounding penila urethra, produces erection

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11
Q

prepuce- function

A

foreskin skin overlying tip of penis

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12
Q

what is an inguinal hermia?

A

tissue protrudes through a weak spot in abdominal muscles

-can occur from increased pressure, straining during bowel movements, pregnancy, coughing

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13
Q

alkaline fluid- function

A

neutralizes acidic urethra in male and vagina

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14
Q

prostaglandins- function

A

stimulates uterine contractions, decrease viscosity of cervical mucus

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15
Q

clotting factors- function

A

coagulate sperm right after ejaculation, keep sperm in vagina

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16
Q

fibrinolysin- function

A

breaks down clot so sperm can swim away

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17
Q

relaxin- function

A

enhance sperm motility

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18
Q

fructose, citric acid- function

A

provides nutrients

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19
Q

seminal plasmin- function

A

kills bacteria

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20
Q

sperm- function

A

fertilizes egg

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21
Q

function of cremaster and dartos muscles, and importance?

A

cremaster- lowers and raises testis in order to control temp
dartos- contracts with temp and during excitement, fear, anxiety, closer to body
importance is to maintain 1-3 degrees below body temp for sperm production

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22
Q

order of anatomical structures that a sperm cell would travel through from site of production in seminiferous tubule to the end of the penile urethra?

A

seminiferous tubule- rete testes- ducts of epididymis- vas deferens- ejaculatory duct- penile urethra

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23
Q

function of spermatogonia and spermatocytes?

A

undergo mitosis and meiosis for spermatogenesis to form spermatozoa

24
Q

function of nurse/sertoli cells?

A

to provide blood-testes barrier, secrete inhibin, support developing sperm cells

25
Q

function of interstitial cells

A

produce testosterone

26
Q

function of ovary?

A

produces oocytes; secretes estrogen and progesterone

27
Q

function of fimbriae?

A

creates currents that pull oocyte into uterine tube

28
Q

function of uterine tubes?

A

conveys oocyte to uterus; optimal site of ferilization

29
Q

function of uterus?

A

implantation, placenta formation and fetal development occur here

30
Q

function of cervix?

A

entrance to uterus; dilates from 1mm to 10 cm during childbirth

31
Q

function of clitoris?

A

developmental homologue to penis; sexual arousal

32
Q

function of labia minora?

A

hairless lips of flesh that flank vaginal opening

33
Q

function of labia majora?

A

flank vaginal opening, lateral to labia minora (have hair, sebaceous and apocrine sudoriferous glands)

34
Q

vagina function?

A

receives penis, birth canal

35
Q

vestibular glands function?

A

secrete mucus to lubricate vagina

36
Q

what does the fimbriae have that helps sweep the oocyte?

A

cillia (pseudostratified ciliated columar)

37
Q

where is the optimal site for fertilization to occur?

A

fallopian tube

38
Q

what 2 hormones regulate the ovarian cycle?

A

FSH and LH

39
Q

main steps in the ovarian cycle?

A

follicle cells secrete estrogen, egg enters uterine tubes (ovulation), corpus luteum forms and secrestes progesterone and estrogen to maintain pregnancy, degenerates if no implantation

40
Q

primary functions of estrogen?

A

thickens endometrium when levels are high, surge of LH occurs when levels are high
maintains sex organs, maintains secondary sex characteristics

41
Q

uterus is composed of three layers- outer perimetrium, middle myometrium, inner endometrium. what layer of the endometrium is shed?

A

functional zone

42
Q

which layer of the endometrium generates new endometrial tissue?

A

basilar zone

43
Q

what type of muscle is the myometrium made of?

A

smooth muscle

44
Q

what 2 hormones regulate the uterine cycle?

A

estrogen and progesterone

45
Q

what are the 3 phases of the menstrual cycle?

A

menstrual, proliferative, secretory

46
Q

location of foramen ovale?

A

opening connecting right and left atria

47
Q

location of ductus arteriosus?

A

connects pulmonary trunk to aorta

48
Q

location of ductus venosus?

A

connects umbilical vein to inferior vena cava

49
Q

deoxygenated blood in the fetal r. atrium can go into the right ventricle or go directly into the left antrium via what small hole?

A

foramen ovale

50
Q

where is fetal blood oxygenated?

A

placenta

51
Q

oxygenated blood coming from the placenta is delivered via?

A

umbilical veins

52
Q

is blood in the umbilical arteries deoxygenated or oxygenated?

A

mixed

53
Q

major events of first trimester?

A

fertilization, implantation, gastrulation, all major organ systems begin developing

54
Q

major events of second trimester?

A

growth and development of organ systems

55
Q

major events of third trimester?

A

organ systems complete development, fetus gains weight, myelination

bio 152 (lab 6-11) (6 decks)

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