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BIO153 Lab Test 2 Vocabulary > Lab 8 > Flashcards

Lab 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

Superphylum

A

Ecdysozoa

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2
Q

Nematoda

A

Ascaris lumbricoides; vinegar eels (Turbatrix aceti)

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3
Q

Arthopoda

A

A. Subphylum: Myriapoda (millipedes and centipedes)
B. Subphylum: Chelicerata
i. arachnids (spiders, scorpions, mites)
ii. horseshoe crabs
C. Subphylum: Crustacea
i. Branchiopoda brine shrimp (Artemia); water fleas (Daphnia)
ii. Malacostraca (crayfish, terrestrial isopods)
iii. barnacles

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4
Q

Hexapoda

A

i. Odonata (dragonflies)
ii. Orthoptera (grasshoppers & katydids)
iii. Coleoptera (beetles)
iv. Diptera (true flies)
v. Hymenoptera (bees & ants)
vi. Lepidoptera (butterflies & moths)
vii. Hemiptera (true bugs)

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5
Q

Abdomen

A

Body segment in arthropods posterior to the thorax or cephalothorax. Does not have appendages. In insects, there are no appendages on the abdomen.

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6
Q

Alae

A

Flying wings.

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7
Q

Anennae

A

Sensory appendages that arise from the head in arthropods.

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8
Q

Appendages

A

A body part arising from a segment of an arthropod. Appendages may be sensory, for locomotion, mouthparts, etc. An appendage is uniramous if it has only one branch, or biramous if it has two branches.

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9
Q

Biramous

A

An appendage that is branched. The appendages of crustaceans are typically biramous: the lower branch is a walking limb; the upper branch is a breathing limb (also called a gill limb). The ancestral condition in arthropod limbs.

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10
Q

Breathing limb

A

Gill limb

The upper branch of a biramous limb.

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11
Q

Carapace

A

Part of the exoskeleton covering the cephalothorax in arthropods. Good examples in this lab are in the crayfish and in the horseshoe crab.

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12
Q

Cephalothorax

A

In some arthropods (e.g. Chelicerata & some crustaceans), the head and thorax segments are fused into the cephalothorax.

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13
Q

Chelae

A

Claws.

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14
Q

Chelicerae

A

Appendages located near the mouth in Chelicerata. These appendages are used for feeding, defense or copulation. May be modified to inject venom.

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15
Q

Compound Eyes

A

Eyes that are constructed of several facets.

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16
Q

Cuticle

A

A non-living, flexible outer covering.

17
Q

Decapods

A

Crustaceans that have 5 pairs of walking legs. Examples include crayfish and lobsters.

18
Q

Detritivores

A

Organisms that consume detritus (organic debris).

19
Q

Direct Development

A

Also called simple, or hemimetabolous development. Juvenile stages look like miniature adults.

20
Q

Ecdysis

A

Molting of the exoskeleton.

21
Q

Ectognathous

A

Mouthparts that are exposed (external to the head). Insects are ectognathous.

22
Q

Ectoparasite

A

A parasite found on the outside of a host.

23
Q

Elytra

A

Hardened forewings that cover and protect the alae (flying wings). Found in beetles.

24
Q

Eusociality

A

A social system found in Hymenoptera (bees and ants) and a few other taxa (e.g. naked mole rats!) where sterile (nonbreeding) colony members care for offspring produced by a single “queen” or a small caste of breeding individuals.

25
Q

Exoskeleton

A

A rigid external support system for the body. Muscles attach to the exoskeleton.

26
Q

Gills

A

Usually filamentous or tufted tissues that provide a large surface area for oxygen uptake. May be external or internal.

27
Q

Gill Limb

A

Breathing limb.

28
Q

Halteres

A

Modified hindwings in Dipterans that function to stabilize the body during flight.

29
Q

Hemocoel

A

Spaces in the body of animals with open circulatory systems (such as molluscs and arthropods) filled with hemolymph.

30
Q

Hemolymph

A

Fluid that carries oxygen and dissolved nutrients in the bodies of many invertebrates.

31
Q

Longitudinal Muscles

A

Muscles that run parallel to the main body axis.

32
Q

Mandibles

A

Mouthparts. Unlike the chelicerae of Chelicerata, mandibles can chew food.

33
Q

Pedipalps

A

Second pair of appendages on the cephalothorax of Chelicerates. In spiders,
pedipalps are often used to transfer sperm.

34
Q

Sclerites

A

A hardened body part. In beetles, the exoskeleton is very thick and hardened into sclerites.

35
Q

Swimmerets

A

Appendages modified for swimming. Found on the abdomen of many crustaceans.

36
Q

Uniramous

A

An appendage with only one branch. A derived condition in arthropods.

37
Q

Vector

A

An organism that carries and transmits a disease (e.g. ticks are a vector for Rocky Mountain spotted fever).

BIO153 Lab Test 2 Vocabulary (4 decks)

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