Lab 7 Flashcards
1
Q
What is the structure of DNA?
A
Nucleotides
- nitrogenous base
- sugar (deoxyribose)
- phosphate group
2
Q
What charge does DNA carry?
A
Negative
3
Q
What are the three solution used in DNA extraction and describe their role
A
- Gatorade- collects intact cheek cells
- Cell lysis solution- disintegrates the plasma membrane and nuclear membrane
- Ethanol- DNA is insoluble in alcohol therefore it precipitates out
4
Q
What does PCR stand for?
A
Polymerase Chain Reaction
5
Q
Four ingredients used in PCR?
A
DNA extract
Four dNTP’s
Primers
DNA Polymerase (enzyme)
6
Q
Briefly describe the three steps in one PCR cycle
A
- DNA Denaturation- heats up to split strands
- Anneal Primers- cool so primers can attach to single strands
- Extend Primers- heat to allow DNA polymerase to add dNTP’s to end of Primers
7
Q
What is restriction fragment analysis? What are the two steps?
A
The process that enables an indirect comparison of nucleotide sequences in different amplified DNA samples
- Restriction digest
- Gel electrophoresis
8
Q
What is a restriction enzyme?
A
Enzyme used to cut DNA into fragment during restriction digest
EcoR1
9
Q
What are nucleotides joined by?
A
Covalent phosphodiester bonds
