Lab 7 Flashcards
What is the first function of the digestive system?
Ingestion (eating)
What is the process of breaking down food into smaller pieces called?
Mechanical processing
What is the term for the formation of a mass of chewed food?
Bolus formation
What is the smooth muscle contraction that moves food through the digestive tract?
Peristalsis
What is the role of bile in digestion?
Bile emulsification
What is the primary function of the small intestine?
Absorption
Which organs are part of the digestive tract?
- Oral cavity with teeth and tongue
- Pharynx
- Esophagus
- Stomach
- Small intestine
- Large intestine
- Anus
What are the accessory digestive organs?
- Salivary glands
- Liver
- Gallbladder
- Pancreas
What membrane lines the abdominal cavity?
Peritoneum
What is the difference between parietal and visceral peritoneum?
- Parietal peritoneum: surrounds abdominal and pelvis
- Visceral peritoneum: serosa
What is the purpose of the greater omentum?
Protect the abdominal viscera
What is the role of the mesocolon?
Stabilizes colon and provides a pathway for blood vessels
What are the functions of the oral cavity?
- Ingestion
- Secretion of saliva
- Mechanical digestion
- Chemical digestion
- Propulsion
What are the three components of the pharynx?
- Nasopharynx
- Oropharynx
- Laryngopharynx
What is GERD?
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
What are the four regions of the stomach?
- Cardia
- Fundus
- Body
- Pylorus
What is chyme?
Creamy liquid mix of gastric juice and food
What is the primary function of the small intestine?
Absorption of nutrients and water
What are the components of the small intestine?
- Duodenum
- Jejunum
- Ileum
What is the vermiform appendix associated with?
Cecum
What are the functions of the large intestine?
- Chemical digestion by intestinal bacteria
- Absorption of vitamins K and B
- Consolidation and propulsion of fecal matter
What are the major salivary glands?
- Parotid gland
- Sublingual gland
- Submandibular gland
What does saliva contain?
- Mucin
- Salivary amylase
What is the function of bile?
Emulsifies fat
What is the role of the pancreas?
- Secretes pancreatic juice
- Produces insulin and glucagon
What does a positive Benedict’s test indicate?
Presence of sugar
What color indicates the presence of starch in Lugol’s iodine solution?
Black purple
What happens to enzymes at high temperatures?
They denature
What is starch composed of?
Polysaccharides consisting of long chains of glucose
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the last part of the digestive tract.
anus
